National Development and Its Challenges: Social Studies Education A Weapon For Sustainable Growth in Nigerian (Published)
Development is said to be a predictor that determines whether a country is progressing or not. A vital evaluation of Nigeria’s development regardless of her abundance in human, natural and material resources reveals that the country is yet to attain the desired prospects as clamored by her citizens. The purpose of this cram is to recognize the challenges to development in Nigeria. In order to obtain data for the research, the work adopted qualitative research method through textual analysis. The findings of this study revealed that despite the country’s attempt to advance development, numerous challenges have posed a great threat to the nation sustainable growth. These setbacks range from insecurity of life on her citizens, imposition of policies on her citizens, capital to implement development plans/policies, corruption and lack of credible leadership among others. The paper concludes that once the identified setbacks are tackled then development will be realized in the country.
Keywords: Challenges, National Development, Nigerian, Social Studies Education, Sustainable Growth
The Effectiveness of the Whistle Blowing Policy in Combating Corruption in the Nigerian Public Sector (Published)
This study investigated the effectiveness of the WBW Policy in combating corruption in the Nigerian public sector. The study was carried out in Delta, Edo, Enugu, and Anambra States respectively. Data were obtained through structured questionnaire. Survey design was employed in the study. A total of one hundred and two (102) auditors and 162 accountants were sampled in the public sector. Judgmental Sampling Technique (JST) was employed in selecting the 264 respondents in the four states’ public organisations. Descriptive statistical techniques such as, charts, mean, standard deviation, tables, and percentages response analysis were used in analyzing the data. Cronbach alpha coefficient was used to test for reliability of the research instrument and the result was (0.7110). The Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC) was employed in testing the hypothesis. SPSS 23.0 was used. The results revealed that the WBW Policy is effective combating corruption in the public sector of Nigeria. The study hereby concluded that the WBW Policy have been effective in combating corruption in the public sector. It was recommended that the state and local government should also initiate suitable WBW programme, continuous advert on WBW should be on the media, adequate protection of whistle blower should be guaranteed, and the rewards for the whistle blowers should be increased.
Keywords: Corruption, Effectiveness, Nigerian, Public Sector, Whistle-Blowing, combating
The Image of Women in Chinua Adchebe’s Novels Things Fall Apart, No Longer At Ease and Arrow of God (Published)
This paper explores and discusses the image of women in Chinua Achebe’s novels: Things Fall Apart, No Longer at Ease and Arrow of God. In Things Fall Apart (TFA), there is a great marginalization of women in Nigerian society. Although there are many tasks undertaken by women such as educating the children by narrating folk stories to them, upbringing their daughters, and serving as priestesses of gods (e.g. Chillo). The reader of such novels can effortlessly internalize the image of women in Chinua Achebe because it is very obvious. This Image has been improved through the development of the society in TFA. The citizens are ignorant, but are educated in the second novel No Longer at Ease. When a girl was asked to fulfill an application form and reaching to sex activities item, she wrote twice a week. It is the same case in Arrow of God, when Ezulu wants to send his son to the church in order to enable him to learn the lifestyle of the white This was evident when his mother asked him “Why do you send my son ?” and his a answer is that ” How does it concern you while I do with my son”. Regardless of his changeable Image from time to time, we have to acknowledge that Chinua Achebe, belittles, scorns, and underestimates women in his early and modern novels.
Keywords: Achebe, Nigerian, Scorn, Women, belittle, image
GENDER AND CREATIVITY: THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF NIGERIAN FEMALE WRITERS (Published)
Argument on the eroding creative prowess among Nigerian writers of the contemporary period has been rift in recent writing of Charles Nnolim. The basic tenet of his argument is that the “fleshly school” of writers focuses on women, wine, club and fun and therefore “lacks fiery, vituperative and caustic commitment of the older generation”. The ideological trust of this research opposes this view. Available evidences in the last two decades reveal that literary creativity has received a boast in the hands of Nigerian female writers whose thematic pre-occupation centered on gender theories and gender-related issues. Nigerian writers like Zulu Sofola, Tess Onwueme, Irene Salami-Agunloye, Tracie Chima Uto-Ezeajugh, Julie Okoh, Chimamanda Adichie , to mention but a few have established themselves as creative genius, winning National and International Awards. Presently, gender equality has assumed a central stage in the world political and literary scene, it is therefore unfair to regard such huge creative output as “trivialities” simply because they address issues that affect mostly women. This paper seeks to evaluate the contributions of these women to the growth of world literature in general and Nigerian creative writings in particular and concludes that the corpus of works by most of these writers is great works of arts in all ramifications.
Keywords: Creativity, Female, Gender, Nigerian, Writers
THE AFTERMATH OF FOREIGN MISSIONARIES’ POLICIES ON AFRICAN MISSIONS: THE NIGERIAN BAPTIST CONVENTION AS A CASE STUDY (Published)
This article entitled “The Aftermath of Missionaries’ Policies on African Missions: The Nigerian Baptist Convention (NBC) as a case study” is aimed at examining the reasons for inadequate finance for the NBC in the funding of her ministries. From its inception, the usual slogan has been “NO MONEY.” This was because the pioneering missionaries did not encourage the indigenous Christians to give towards missions, but rather the latter were over pampered. This lack of funds, has affected the growth of the Baptists in Nigeria. The article is of the view that Henry Venn’s missionary policies can be of help in solving the problem. The research demands the use of multi-dimensional approaches; which include phenomenological cum historical methods and the conduction of interviews especially on financial policies on the NBC and Missionary’s records. Quantitative approach was also used by subjecting the BMN attrition policy on the NBC into statistical analysis. Among others, it has been demonstrated in this research that lack of discretion and courage on the part of the BMN in keeping strictly and consistently to the attrition policy was the major factor behind slow growth and non-rapid financial advancement of the NBC. On the contrary, if Venn’s mission’s financial policy is adopted, we hope, it will go a long way in ameliorating the financial inadequacies and promote missions in Africa in general and the NBC in particular.
Keywords: African Missions, Baptist Convention, Foreign Missionaries’, Nigerian, policies