Authentic Leadership and Employee Innovative Work Behaviour: A Multi-Wave Study of the Enugu State Waste Management Authority (Eswama), Nigeria (Published)
This study examines whether authentic leadership predicts employee innovative work behaviour (IWB) in the Enugu State Waste Management Authority (ESWAMA), a Nigerian public-sector environmental services organisation, and evaluates the psychometric adequacy of the Authentic Leadership Inventory (ALI) in this setting. The study responds to the scarcity of time-lagged evidence on authentic leadership and IWB from African public-sector organisations, where existing evidence is limited and mixed. Design: A two-wave time-lagged survey was conducted, with authentic leadership and control variables measured at Time 1 and IWB measured eight weeks later at Time 2. Stratified random sampling by department and grade level produced a matched analytical sample of 351 employees from 410 Time 1 respondents, an 85.6 per cent retention rate. Sample size was determined a priori through statistical power analysis. Authentic leadership was measured with the 16-item ALI and IWB with the nine-item Janssen scale. Data were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) with bootstrapped confidence intervals. Findings: The measurement model showed satisfactory reliability (Cronbach’s alpha of at least 0.71 and composite reliability of at least 0.82 for all constructs), convergent validity (AVE 0.54 to 0.69) and discriminant validity (maximum HTMT below 0.85). Authentic leadership had a positive and statistically significant effect on IWB (β = 0.326, t = 6.41, p < 0.001, 95% bootstrap CI [0.225, 0.426]), explaining 11.4 per cent of the variance in IWB. Common method bias diagnostics indicated no pervasive threat. Originality: The study provides time-lagged, power-justified evidence on the authentic leadership and IWB relationship from a Nigerian public-sector environmental services organisation and re-examines the psychometric performance of the ALI in Nigeria, where earlier evidence was weak. Implications: The findings suggest that developing authentic leadership behaviours among supervisors is a promising, though not sufficient, route to stimulating employee innovation in public-sector waste management. The moderate variance explained indicates that other antecedents and mechanisms should be examined in future research.
Keywords: Authentic Leadership, PLS-SEM; Nigeria., Public Sector, innovative work behavior, time-lagged design
The Effectiveness of the Whistle Blowing Policy in Combating Corruption in the Nigerian Public Sector (Published)
This study investigated the effectiveness of the WBW Policy in combating corruption in the Nigerian public sector. The study was carried out in Delta, Edo, Enugu, and Anambra States respectively. Data were obtained through structured questionnaire. Survey design was employed in the study. A total of one hundred and two (102) auditors and 162 accountants were sampled in the public sector. Judgmental Sampling Technique (JST) was employed in selecting the 264 respondents in the four states’ public organisations. Descriptive statistical techniques such as, charts, mean, standard deviation, tables, and percentages response analysis were used in analyzing the data. Cronbach alpha coefficient was used to test for reliability of the research instrument and the result was (0.7110). The Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC) was employed in testing the hypothesis. SPSS 23.0 was used. The results revealed that the WBW Policy is effective combating corruption in the public sector of Nigeria. The study hereby concluded that the WBW Policy have been effective in combating corruption in the public sector. It was recommended that the state and local government should also initiate suitable WBW programme, continuous advert on WBW should be on the media, adequate protection of whistle blower should be guaranteed, and the rewards for the whistle blowers should be increased.
Keywords: Corruption, Effectiveness, Nigerian, Public Sector, Whistle-Blowing, combating