Status of Discharged Abattoir Effluent and Its Effects on the Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Orogodo River, Delta State, Nigeria (Published)
The discharge of untreated wastewater into waterbodies results in water quality deterioration of the receiving waters. This study assesses the impact of abattoir wastewater discharge on the water quality of Orogodo River in Nigeria. Effluent discharges and water samples were collected from river at six points over a 6-month period. Physicochemical analyses were conducted using standard methods. The pH was within a fixed band of 5.56 – 8.04. The downstream biochemical oxygen demand of the receiving river water increased significantly to 75% in July and up to 192% in December. Suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen and total phosphorus followed a similar trend. Dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, also increased appreciably. The downstream levels of these parameters were higher than their corresponding upstream values, indicating that the discharge of the abattoir wastewater into the river has negatively impacted the river water. The dilution of the waste in the river water was not enough to reduce them to acceptable levels. This study demonstrates that abattoir wastewater impacts Orogodo River water negatively. The abattoir effluent did not meet the National standard for effluent discharge into the environment leading to cross pollution of the receiving water based on the parameters investigated. This therefore, calls for the need to put an effective wastewater treatment and monitoring system in place to enforce existing legislations to curb water pollution and to safeguard both the environment and human health.
Keywords: Abattoir, Impact, Orogodo, Pollution, Water Quality, physico - chemical, wastewater
MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF SOIL AND SEDIMENT EXPORTED THROUGH STREAM FLOW, CHANGES IN THE RIVER FLOW AND IN EXPORTED PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS: LONG TERM ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS AND MITIGATIONS STRATEGIES: CASE OF THE RIVER MEWOU (SOUTH MIFI) IN THE WESTERN TROPICAL HIGHLANDS OF CAMEROON (Published)
This study aims at determining the impact on water, agriculture and the environment of the soil constituents exported by the Mewou river on the southern Mifi through modeling of the changes in the river flow and in the exported physico-chemical constituents and to identify mitigate strategies. The average exported soils varied in t/km2 from 195.34 in 2011 to 256.02 in 2012. The flow variation of water and chemical constituents were each characterized by a general equation with a model:
Y = a*t9+b*t8+c*t7+d*t6+e*t5+f*t4+g*t3+h*t2+i*t+j
Environmental pollution was identified by water turbidity, 146.9 NTU, and in mg/l Organic matter 2.33, Cd2+ 11, Pb2+ 48.20, NH4+ 2.8, PT 0.84, Al3+ 0.593, NO2- 4.645. It is recommended that to mitigate soil loss, pollution and increase recharge of water table, the use of Vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides) hedges and by installation of wastewater treatment plants by each industry and the Municipal council for the household wastes.
Keywords: Chrysopogon zizanioides, Model, Pollution, physico - chemical, soil loss