Globalisation and Conflict Escalation in The 3rd World Nations (Published)
In the contemporary global system, all stages of societies are being redesigned by globalization. The individual livelihood and identity is threatened and thrown into question, localities are coerced to recreate themselves or die in the face of new economic forces, and countries are experiencing steadily declining freedom of action all due to globalization. The objective of this paper therefore is to look at the relationship between globalization and conflict escalation in the 3rd world nations. This paper adopted the Survey research design. Structured questionnaire was adopted as the main instrument for data collection. The sample made up of 350 respondents. The Spearman rank order correlation coefficient was used in testing the hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between globalization and the aggravation of tensions and social conflict in the 3rd world and also that there is a significant relationship between globalization and the transmission of disruptive Western values aggressively promoted internationally as universal values. The paper recommends that since globalisation reforms create the basis for provoking and heightening ethnic conflict as some group benefits from these reforms more than others, African countries should make appropriate progress in the level of social provisioning for the people as well as introduction of other measures that would reduce the level of unemployment and poverty.
Keywords: 3rd world, Conflict, Globalization
Attaining Sustainable Development in Post-Conflict Societies: A Conceptual and Theoretical Perspective from North-East Nigeria (Published)
One of the most cherished aspirations of every society emerging from conflict is its ability to transform, bounce back and attain sustainable development in the post-conflict period. No society indicate or abhors lack of willingness to achieve such a noble dream. In Nigeria, the crises of Boko Haram led to the destruction of properties and communities, death of persons, and displacement of millions of individuals. The violent conflict has destroyed several livelihood sources and made many rich individuals poor and destitute and as well sent many young people, women and children into their untimely graves. This paper examines the attainment of sustainable development in post-conflict societies with focus on North-East Nigeria. The paper is hinged on conceptual and theoretical approach to examining the post-conflict state of attaining sustainable development using secondary data derived from published and unpublished sources with analysis based of thematic approach using document analysis. The focus of the paper is on the ravaging violent conflict by the Boko Haram insurgents in the by addressing the key fundamental issues including the phases of conflicts management and recovery, the strategies for the attainment of sustainable development and economic prosperity in the post conflict society, the key actors and strategic stakeholders in the post conflict recovery and reconstructions, and the challenges confronting sustainable development in the post-conflict society.
Keywords: Conflict, Development, Sustainable Development, post-conflict societies
The Iranian Interference and Its Implications on Security of Yemen and Saudi Arabia (Published)
The paper discusses the Iranian interference and its implications on Security of Yemen and Saudi Arabia. This research paper attempts to shed light on the reality of the local and regional conflict in Yemen, and its impact on Yemeni civil peace and regional security such Saudi Arabia. It also reveals the real goals of the regional states participating in this conflict, whether directly or indirectly. In addition, the paper presents the means and methods used by the regional powers to extend their hegemony over Yemen, and among those methods are feeding the conflict between the components of Yemeni society by supporting the parties to the conflict. The study also shows how violence has become the only means for some regional countries to achieve their strategic, economic and ideological goals, and it reveals the negative role of Yemeni elites and forces, and how these elites helped regional powers to control the country’s economic imitators and others.
Citation: Saad Alshammari and Sity Oaud (2022) The Iranian Interference and Its Implications on Security of Yemen and Saudi Arabia, Global Journal of Political Science and Administration, Vol.10, No.5, pp.1-9
Keywords: Conflict, Intervention, Iranian interference, Saudi Arabia, Security, Yemen
An Unnecessary War of Fame: The East and West NATO’s Enlargement Strategies and the Geopolitics of Russo- Ukrainian Conflict (Published)
Russian invasion of Ukraine is one of the most critical geopolitical crises the world leaders are facing currently. And is being seen as one of the most serious test of European security in the recent time, and its presents a serious challenge as to understanding of President Putin’s geopolitical intentions while, these grievances included the long-simmering dispute over the expansion of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the legitimacy of Ukrainian identity as well as their statehood. It reflected a worldview Putin had long expressed, emphasizing the deep-seated unity among the Eastern Slavs-Russians and Ukrainians who they both trace their origins to the medieval Kyivan Rus commonwealth-and suggesting that the modern states of Russia and Ukraine should share a common political destiny now and in the future. Owing to that view is the claim that distinct Ukrainian identity is the product of foreign manipulation mostly, by Russia’s acclaimed imperial rivals; using Ukraine as part of an “anti-Russia project. Consequently, the paper revealed that NATO is not only Russia’s problem but, Russia’s ambitions to extend beyond preventing Ukrainian NATO membership and encompass a more detailed aspiration to dominate Ukraine politically, militarily, and economically triggered the current conflict in Ukraine. The paper further revealed that Russia is almost certain to flop in its bid to establish lasting control over its neighbors owing to external factors, mostly the West and the nonconformist nature of Ukraine government. Therefore, concludes that if Russia must feel fully secure with regard to Ukraine, Ukraine must be territorially truncated or geopolitically neutralized by Russia. Then, if neutralization is not feasible as a strategy, Russia must renewed stability, though, this option would largely depend either on the West agreeing in renewed Russian control of Ukraine, or on Russia accepting the loss of Ukraine. It is most likely that a non-cooperative result will emerge at the end of the day, in which Russia may limit its military activity, but will continue to ensure that Ukraine cannot do what is desired to achieve or join Europe-west- NATO world.
Keywords: Conflict, East and West, European Union., NATO’s enlargement, Russia, Ukraine, War, geopolitics
Statecraft and the Perennial Farmers: Herder Clashes in Nigeria (Published)
Farmers and Herdsmen, in sub-Saharan Africa have being coexisting and doing their vocation amicably. In northern Nigeria for instance, both of them have being using and benefiting from the nation’s ecology without much conflicts. In recent times however, this legendary mutual cooperation has soured resulting in to needless, avoidable wanton destruction of lives and properties. This paper therefore examines statecraft and the perennial farmers – herder clashes in Nigeria .the paper adopted library based documentation analysis as its major methodology since bulk of the data were sourced from secondary source. The paper revealed that: population explosion and land hunger, governmental policies ECOWAS protocol, climate change, communication breakdown, weak punitive measures against previous offenders, as Democratization and mainstream and social media dominance among others, are some fundamental factors that generated and ignited the incessant Farmers-Herders; which caused several setbacks on the socioeconomic development of the country such as decline in production and supply , inflation in prices of staple, destruction of lives and properties, proliferation of small arms and light weapons, growth in refugee and displacement of persons as well as food shortage and scarcity. The paper recommends among other Robust socioeconomic and psychological education/orientation of both the farmers-herders for peaceful coexistence, governmental investments in and provisions of basic necessities/infrastructures favorable for these agriculturalists and disciplining of offenders are some of the panacea to halt the incessant clashes.
Keywords: Conflict, Farmers, Herders, state craft
The Liberian Conflict And The ECOMOG Operation: A Review of Nigeria’s Key Contributions (Published)
Right from inception, Nigerian foreign policy posture has been Afro-centric. This has made her to be more committed to peaceful coexistence in Africa in general and West Africa sub-region in Particular. Nonetheless, Nigeria has been participating actively in peace operations globally. This study examines Nigeria’s key contributions to the resolution of the Liberian conflict under the ECOWAS Ceasefire Monitoring Group (ECOMOG). While the theory of Manifest Destiny is adopted to explain Nigeria’s leadership role in the resolution, the work derives it data from the secondary source, which consists majorly of textbooks, journals, articles, reports, internet documents, among others. There is an array of information available on the performance of ECOWAS and ECOMOG hence historical research design is used in the study. The study also discusses the challenges of the mission. The findings show that Nigeria’s proactive leadership role in ECOMOG intervention in Liberia was a benchmark for future operations in Africa continent, and that while the holding of elections in 1997 and the subsequent withdrawal of ECOMOG clearly indicate that the operation was a success. The study calls on Nigeria to maintain her Afrocentric foreign policy posture but with more focus on industrialization and economic development of the region.
Keywords: Conflict, ECOMOG, Ecowas, Liberia, Nigeria
Aboriginal People and Canadian Federation- From the Perspective of Diversity Accommodation: Review (Published)
Following the European colonizer arrived at and invades Canada, the Aboriginal people-who are considered as the natives, have been oppressed for many centuries. Their land was taken by the settlers and their economy become too sluggish and subsistence; they were marginalized in the social, economic, cultural and political arenas. This paper is aimed to assess the root causes of conflict between the aboriginals and settlers and to identify measures taken by the government to address the problems. We used intensive secondary data through reviewing different books and international journals. Lose of land ownership, deterioration of health and economic development, worst assimilation of Aboriginal People to the main stream culture, Political marginalization such under representation of them under government office, Economic exploitation of Aboriginal People are some of the real causes of conflict between Aboriginal and non- Aboriginal People. Besides, they are not also allowed to run their own business activities, exercise their cultural ways of life, improve and develop their culture and traditions. Federalism, multiculturalism, empowering Supreme Court and the constitution act of 1982 were of the institutional arrangement recognized typically to deal with the existing real conflict and to accommodate diversity. Some of possible measures taken by the government are- the recognition of the right to land title; the right to self-government on their internal matters, to develop their culture, language and identities. It also allowed to develop laws like laws on customary marriage for their people though subject to the approval of the minister responsible for their affairs have also been recognized to exercise.
Keywords: Aboriginal, Accommodation, Conflict, Diversity, Federalism
Party Conflicts and Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria (1999 – 2007) (Published)
In every democracy the world over, political parties are seen as the instruments of democratic process. Hence, their relevance in establishing a stable democratic order cannot be overemphasized. But since the inception of the present democratic rule in Nigeria, political parties have failed to perform their fundamental responsibilities for a number of reasons which include fragile party relations, uncoordinated party system, inter and intra-party squabbles, among others. Notably, party crises have remained common features of politics in the country. But, like previous experiences where inter-party crises were the order of the day, the current democratic exercise has witnessed a predominance of intra-party conflicts, to the extent that the big parties including AD, ANPP, APGA and PDF have had and are still having their own fair share, the magnitude of which is based on the size and strength of the party. These crises had intensified unhealthy competition among the political parties and by implication, affected their functions. Exploring secondary data, this study examines the implications of inter and intra-party conflicts for democratic consolidation. While the thesis recognizes that effective political parties are essential for a nascent democracy, stable inter and intra party relations are sine qua non in consolidating democratic rule in Nigeria.
Keywords: Conflict, Democracy, Democratic Consolidation, Nigeria, Party Crises
CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION IN NASARAWA STATE: THE ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION (ADR) OPTION (Published)
The concept of conflict is not novel in scholarship, as we live in a society that constantly faces disputing circumstances. However, different approaches to a problem determine the strength of the drive of its resolution. In the midst of varying ethnicities in Nasarawa state, there has always been intra and inter-ethnic clashes among the people. Since conflict most times begins with local agitation, the urgency of non-conventional method is preferred in certain situations. In the final analysis, we aver that channeling of conflict through transformation will guarantee a positive reordering of the state
Keywords: Alternative dispute resolution, Conflict, Conflict Transformation, Nasarawa State., Transformation
THE PALESTINIAN DILEMMA “PART FOUR”: COEXISTING……HATRED…..SEPARATING…..EXPULSION…..APARTHEID; INCREDIBLE STORY IN THE PALESTINIAN-ISRAELI CONFLICT 1914-49 (Published)
This study deals with the Psycho-Political relationship between the Abrahamic cousins, namely Jews and Arabs, from the end of the Ottoman period until 1949. The absent of socio-political wisdom or rational decisions led to the “incredible story” of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict 1914-49. However this paper aims to investigate the separatism attitude in the Palestinian-Israeli mentality: “culture” or “reaction”?, the principles of peaceful coexistence and religion role in peace-building between humans, the co-existence, co-operation and trust between Palestinians and Jews from Ottoman empire till establishing of Israel, the road for hatred and war between Israelis and Palestinians, and the British, Israeli and Palestinian target till the 1948 war; “peaceful coexistence” or “apartheid”? Finally, this paper concludes that the conflict between the Palestinian and Israelis has classified and marked by unsteady cases. The start point between them was coexisted (partially peacefully with some fears), after that turned into hatred (because of various extremist and bloody actions), after that both of them preferred the separatism attitude. Then it followed by the war between them and expulsion policy from the land by the hand of one of them toward the other side, to become finally apartheid (by separation wall) between both forever.
Keywords: Apartheid, Coexisting, Conflict, Expulsion, Hatred, Incredible, Palestinian Dilemma, Separating