ESG Disclosure and Shareholders Value: The Moderating Role of Gender Diversity (Published)
The persistent adoption of unsustainable business practices and inadequate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure systems has weakened shareholder confidence and reduced shareholder value. Consequently, this study examined the effect of ESG disclosure on shareholder value, with gender diversity as a moderating variable. An ex post facto research design was adopted, and secondary data were utilized. The population of this study comprised 52 listed manufacturing companies, and purposive sampling technique was employed to select 44 companies. Panel regression analysis was used to analyse the data, and the statistical package employed was STATA 17. The findings of the study revealed that environmental performance disclosure (coeff. = -0.132 [0.030]) has significant negative effect on dividend yield, social performance disclosure (coeff. = 0.001 [0.977]) has nonsignificant effect on dividend yield; governance performance disclosure (coeff. = -0.357 [0.021]) has significant negative effect on dividend yield and gender diversity significantly moderated the relationship between ESG disclosures and shareholder value of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. It was thus concluded that ESG disclosure exhibit limited direct value relevance but become significantly more meaningful when conditioned on gender diversity. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended, among others, that the management of manufacturing firms should promote balanced and competence-driven board composition, ensuring that female directors are actively involved in ESG-related decision-making processes, as their presence has been shown to influence how sustainability disclosures translate into shareholder value.
Keywords: Dividend Yield, ESG Disclosure, Gender diversity, critical mass, shareholders’ value
Gender Diversity as a Moderator of Taxpayer’s Education and Voluntary Tax Compliance among Registered Businesses in Kaduna State (Published)
This study examines whether gender is a moderator of taxpayer education and voluntary tax compliance behaviour among registered businesses in Kaduna State. Data were collected from 334 respondents from a target population of 2,000 registered businesses using a survey design. The sample size was determined using Yamane’s formula, and proportionate sampling was employed to ensure representation across the state’s three senatorial districts. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression were utilized to analyze the data. The study finds that both taxpayer’s education and voluntary tax compliance behaviour are low among the registered businesses in Kaduna State. The study also finds that both taxpayer’s education and gender are factors that have a significant positive effect on voluntary tax compliance. Finally, the study finds that the effect of taxpayer’s education on voluntary tax compliance is significantly moderated by the taxpayer’s gender. Based on the findings the study concludes that taxpayer education significantly improves voluntary tax compliance behaviour, and the effect is significantly moderated by gender. Based on the conclusion it is recommended that to increase voluntary tax compliance, the Kaduna State Internal Revenue Service should embark on taxpayer education by creating tax awareness campaigns using media platforms, like radio, television, social media, and flyers. The study also recommends that KADIRS should simplify tax education content and tailor it to specific genders. Finally, the study recommends incentives such as tax rebates to motivate voluntary tax compliance.
Keywords: Gender diversity, taxpayer’s education, voluntary tax compliance
Risk Management Committee Gender and Likelihood of Financial Distress of Listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria (Published)
This study explores the effect of risk management committee gender diversity on the likelihood of financial distress among listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study utilizes the Nigerian Code of Corporate Governance 2018 as an instrumental variable to address endogeneity concerns related to the self-selection of gender diversity on the risk management committee. The dependent variable is the likelihood of financial distress, while the independent variable is the gender composition of the risk management committee. The sample size consists of 12 listed deposit money banks, and the data covers the period from 2017 to 2021. The analysis employs a two-stage regression analysis technique. The findings of this study reveal a significant positive effect of risk management committee gender on the likelihood of financial distress among listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. This suggests that a higher representation of a particular gender in the risk management committee is associated with an increased likelihood of financial distress. The results have important implications for policymakers, regulators, and banking institutions in Nigeria. The study highlights the need to consider gender diversity in risk management committees as a potential driver of financial distress. The findings call for proactive measures to promote a more balanced gender representation and inclusion in corporate decision-making processes within the banking sector. The findings emphasize the significance of gender diversity in risk management practices and provide valuable insights for stakeholders seeking to enhance risk assessment and mitigate the occurrence of financial distress in the banking sector.
Keywords: Banks’, Financial Distress, Gender diversity, Nigeria, Risk Management
Corporate Governance Characteristics and Firm Value of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria (Published)
The degree of corporate and market procedures, lack transparency, distortions and poor corporate practices which results in corporate failures and abysmal corporate financial performance negatively influence corporate objectives. Hence, this study investigated the effects of corporate governance mechanism on the value of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study population consisted of all deposit money banks and Taro Yamene method of sample size determination was applied. The secondary data for the study was from the published financial statements of sampled banks for the period after validity and reliability test of data. The data obtained was tested using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The result from the multiple regression result disclosed that board independence, board size, ownership structure, gender diversity and board meeting positively and significantly influences the value of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study concluded that corporate governance attributes positively and significantly affects the value of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study made several recommendations amongst others that board sizes should be enhanced as this allows for the appropriate combination of directors. A large board increases the chance of directors having appropriate knowledge, skill and networks. The knowledge, skill and networks of directors may increase the financial performance of an organization. Also deposit money banks in Nigeria should have non-executive directors who act as professional advisers to ensure that competition among insiders encourages measures consistent with maximization of shareholder value.
Keywords: Board independence, Board size, Firm Value, Gender diversity