Correlates of Adherence to Infection Prevention and Control Practices (IPC) Among Healthcare Workers from Primary Healthcare Centers in Osun State, Nigeria (Published)
This quantitative based study examines Correlates of Adherence to Infection Prevention and Control Practices (IPC) among Healthcare Workers from Primary Healthcare Centers. Descriptive design was adopted for this study with a sample size of 124 health workers from urban and rural areas, selected across 3 Local Government Areas in the State, using multi-stage sampling techniques. Data collected using Pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Data was processed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 27. Analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, while hypotheses was tested using t-test at p-value of 0.05 or less. Results revealed that, majority of the respondents were within age group, 20-29 years (30.7%) and 50 years & above (37.1%) respectively. Also over a third (37.1%) had completed diploma, with about 10 years’ experience or over. Overall 44.5% of the total respondents have adequate knowledge of IPC. Also over half (54.4%) had more negative attitude towards IPC, while slightly over half (51.9%) of the respondents had more poor adherence to IPC. Hypotheses tested revealed that, there is a significant difference in the knowledge (t (123) =4.116; p=.000), attitude (t (123) =5.289; p=.000) and adherence (t(123)=4.481; p=.000) to IPC among healthcare workers in rural and Urban PHCs in Osun State. The study concluded that, there is knowledge deficit on IPC practices, while adherence and attitude towards IPC practice among majority health workers in both rural and urban PHCs violates the standard expectation from Healthcare professionals. These insights underscore the need for designing appropriate interventions and policy formulation towards implementation of existing promotional guidelines on IPC.
Keywords: Adherence, Knowledge, attitude, control practices, infection prevention
Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV Patients Visiting HIV Counselling Centres in Selected Hospitals, Benin City, Edo State (Published)
The introduction of antiretroviral drugs over the past two decades has helped greatly towards controlling HIV/AIDS infection outcome. However its effectiveness depends largely on adherence to the drug. This study was undertaken to assess adherence to antiretroviral drugs among HIV patients visiting HIV counselling centres in selected hospitals, Benin City, Edo state. The study was carried among 220 HIV patients visiting three selected counselling centre in Benin City using convenient sampling technique and a self-structured questionnaire. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as Chi square, multivariate logistic regression and ANOVA were used to test hypothesis at 5% level of significance. Result shows 78(35.9%) have poor knowledge, 60(27.6%)) have moderate, while the remaining 79(36.40) have good knowledge. majority 171(77.7%) have good adherence level. factors are food (2.66±1.03), Unavailability drugs (2.76±0.98), drug toxic effect (2.61±0.88), Stigmatization (2.60±0.96) were found to affect adherence. There was no significant relationship (p>0.05) between adherence of socio-demographic characteristics. However significant difference (p<0.05) was found in the level of knowledge among HIV patient. Multivariate logistic regression showed that respondents that are 18 – 20 years are ten times (O.R = 10.39; C.I = 1.01-107.10) more likely not to adhere than those above 50years. Also respondents with tertiary education are 19% (O.R. 0.81; C.I. = 0.15 – 4.20) less likely not to adhere than those with no education and Christians are 50% (O.R. = 0.50; C.I. = 0.12-2.05) less likely not to adhere than those with traditions/other religion. Conclusion more awareness campaigns and other interventions are needed to improve and sustain the present level of adherence.
Keywords: Adherence, HIV patients, antiretroviral drug, counselling centres