Bacterialogical and Parasitological Assessment of Fresh Meat Marketed In Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria (Published)
The bacteriological and parasitological assessment of some fresh meat marketed in Owerri, Nigeria was carried out using standard bacteriological and parasitological methods. The meat samples used for the study were flesh, towel, intestine and liver from goat, pork and chicken. There was no fungal and Salmonella – Shigella count in all the samples. The presence of Staphylococcus count was obtained in fresh goat meat and the viable bacterial counts ranged from 5.0× 105cfi/ml to 8.0× 106 cfu/ml while the total coliform counts ranged from 1.0× 105(cfu/ml to 4.0×106cfu/ml. The bacterial isolates obtained were: Staphylococcus aereus, Micrococcus species, Salmonella species, Shigella species, Corynebacterium species, Pseudomonas aureginosa, Bacillus species and Escherichia coli with Micrococcus species showing the highest occurrence. Among the parasites identified, Taenia spp had the highest occurrence. There is need for proper hygienic practices to be observed by the butchers in addition to beefing up the activities of Consumers Protection Council(CPC) to ensure the safety of meat available for public consumption
Keywords: Assessment, Bacteria, Fresh meat, Oocysts, Owerri, Parasites
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Guiera Senegalensis and Prosopis Africana Leave Extract on Some Bacterial Pathogens (Published)
The bioactive components of the leaves of Guiera senegalensis and Prosopis africana were extracted using ethanol, aqueous and crude extraction methods. Qualitative phytochemical analysis showed that extracts contain alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides and steroids, while glycosides and alkaloids were absent in P. africana and G. senegalensis respectively. Quantitative phytochemical analysis of G. senegalensis showed 1.352mg/100g of flavonoids and 14.59mg/100g of phenols. Prosopis africana quantitatively showed 3.041mg/100g flavonoids and 10.22mg/100g phenol content. The various extracts were investigated for their antibacterial activity using agar diffusion methods of susceptibility testing against the test organisms. The ethanolic extract of Prosopis africana demonstrated the highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi (4.7mm, 4mm and 4mm zones of inhibition respectively) while the least activity was demonstrated by aqueous extract against Escherichia coli (1mm inhibition zone). The ethanolic extract of G. senegalensis also inhibited Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with (3.5mm, 3mm, and 2.8mm of zones of inhibitions respectively). The crude and the aqueous extracts of both plants showed lower zones of inhibition against all the three organisms. This study shows that the use of G. senegalensis and Prosopis africana leaves as traditional medicine has a lot of potential in treatment of antimicrobial infections with further standardization.
Keywords: Antimicrobial efficacy, Bacteria, Inhibition, Phytochemical, leave extract
Detection of Bacterial Pathogens Causing Urinary Tract Infection and Study their Susceptibility to Antibiotics at Asuq- Alshukh Hospital in the Province of Dhi -Qar (Published)
This study of urinary tract infection has been planned to isolation and identification of bacterial pathogens. The urine were collected from 60 patients for a Suq- Alshukh hospitals they were including 23 male and 37 female . Patients aged between 15 to 70 years . Urine culture had been done for all the 60 patients who were included in this study . Only 45 patients had positive urine culture they were including 15 male and 30 females . The most common organism was Esherichia coli which was isolated from 14 patients with percentage of 31.1% . E.coli was the most prevalent followed by Proteus mirabilis 22.2% (10), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15.5% (7) , Staphylococcus aureus 11.1% (5) , Klebsiella pneumonia 13.3 % (4) , Staph.saprophyticus 4.4% (2) and Serratia marcescenes 2.2% (1) . The antibiotics susceptibility test was done for all isolates to 8 antibiotics , Amikacin was more antibiotic that effect on all kinds of isolate , the sensitivity of isolates to this antibiotic was registered (95.7%) followed by Ciprofloxacin (80.7%) , while the highest resistant of all isolates was to Amoxicillin , it was registered (9.2%) .
Keywords: Antibiotics, Asuq-Alshukh Hospital, Bacteria, UTI