A Comparative study on Public Procurement Rules (PPR),-2008, Bangladesh and Asian Development Bank (ADB) Procurement Regulations 2017: Strengths and Weaknesses (Published)
This study mainly explores the strengths and weaknesses of ADB procurement regulations 2017 and PPR, 2008 followed by some recommendation. This comparison is done by reviewing the ADB Procurement Regulations 2017 and PPR, 2008. The PPR, 2008 delineates provisions of procurement plan, preparation of tender or proposal, committee, principles of public procurement, tender validity and security, specifications, standard, brand names, approval process, notification of award, contract administration and management, records and audit, joint venture, conflict of interest, complaint and appeal procedure, methods of procurement for goods and related services, works, physical services, processing of procurement, professional misconduct, e-Government procurement. The main spirit of PPR, 2008 are transparency, accountability, equity, fairness and open competition for ensuring value for money by using public fund.There are some strengths and weaknesses in some specific cases of regulations as well. Strengths in ADB procurement regulations include performance based procurement, bonus for performance, community based procurement, encouraging joint venture, procurement plan, pre-qualification, non-compliance, misconduct, settlement of dispute and so on. Using the strengths of ADB procurement regulations, the borrower can achieve the speedy procurement, fairness competition, accountability and value for money. The main weaknesses are absence of sustainable procurement, supply chain issues, whole life cycle cost, sustainability, strategic partnership with supplier and contractors, disposal policy and so on. The guidance in the ADB regulations and PPR, 2008 conform to some aspects and differ in others. Because of weaknesses in both guidelines and rules, sustainability and social aspects are compromised in public procurement which hampers long-term value for money. This paper explores the gaps of internationally accepted procurement standards and practices in PPR of Bangladesh and emphasizes improvement of regulatory framework by fostering strengths of both guidelines and rules in context of Bangladesh.
Keywords: Management, Procurement Planning, Proposal, Regulation, Tender, validity
Determinants that Influence an Effective Performance Management System in Public Health Institutions in Kenya: A Case of Coast Provincial General Hospital (Published)
The objective of this study was to establish the determinants of an effective performance management system in Public Health Institutions in Kenya. The study specifically investigated the case of Coast Provincial General Hospital (CPGH). Primary data was collected by use of a questionnaire which was distributed to a population constituting of 45 heads of departments. Data was analysed using descriptive statistical techniques. Multiple regression analysis technique was used to explain the nature of the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variables in the study. The study found that no significant relationship existed between the variables strategic congruence, viability, reliability, acceptability and the performance of Coast Provincial General Hospital respectively. The study however found that a positive and significant relationship existed between specificity and performance of the employees of Coast Provincial General Hospital. It was concluded that, performance management system was an important tool to continuously monitor employees’ performance, identify skill gaps and develop required competencies.
Keywords: Acceptance, Performance Appraisal, Reliability, Specificity, Strategic congruence, validity