THE ERA OF POST-CONSOLIDATION AND BANKS’ PROFITABILITY IN NIGERIA (2000- 2013): A MULTIVARIATE CO-INTEGRATION ANALYSIS (Review Completed - Accepted)
The paper examined the relationship between the era of post-consolidation and banks’ profitability in Nigeria using data spanning (2000-2013). Secondary data was collected from the CBN statistical and economic and financial review bulletins. Hypotheses were formulated and tested using error correction model (ECM) and the study reveals that the variables are stationary and integrated of order at various levels. There is also long-run equilibrium relationship between the era of post-consolidation and banks’ profitability in Nigeria and the result confirms that about 62% short-run adjustment speed from long-run disequilibrium. The coefficient of determination indicates that about 27% of the variations in banks’ profitability are explained by changes in the era of post-consolidation variables. The study therefore recommends that bank management should strengthen their supervising units in credit administration to avoid the issue of non-performing load. For Nigeria banks to be a major player in domestic and international market, banks capital should be above minimum regulatory requirements at all times. Shareholders’ funds and total assets of banks should be periodically evaluated and aggregate marketing should be vigorously intensified by the banks
Keywords: Banks’, Era, Nigeria, Post-Consolidation, Profitability
EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA (1990-2013). (Review Completed - Accepted)
The paper attempts to evaluate the relationship between empirical analysis of multinational corporations and economic growth in Nigeria using data spanning (1990-2013). Secondary data was collected from the CBN statistical bulletin and national bureau of statistics. Hypotheses were formulated and tested using time series econometrics and the study reveals that the variables do not have unit roots. There is also long-run equilibrium relationship between economic growth and multinational corporations and the result confirms that about 73% short-run adjustment speed from long-run disequilibrium. The coefficient of determination indicates that about 62% of the variations in economic growth is explained by changes in multinational corporations variables. The study therefore recommends that multinational corporations should make life meaningful to the host country by providing infrastructural facilities. Government should ensure that multinational corporations plough back part of their profits to the development of the host communities in other to established good working relationship. Federal environmental protection agencies should also ensure effective monitoring of multinational corporations to avoid the violation of the lay down rules and regulations guiding their operations.
Keywords: Economic, Empirical Analysis, Growth, Multinational Corporations, Nigeria
FOREIGN EXCHANGE MANAGEMENT AND THE NIGERIAN ECONOMIC GROWTH (1960 – 2012) (Published)
The study examined foreign exchange management and the Nigeria economic growth from 1970 to 2012. The scope of the study is limited to Nigeria. The empirical model for the study was based on the conclusion of our theoretical framework. The data used for this study were majorly sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria Bulletin (2011). The ordinary least square estimation techniques within the error correction model (ECM) framework are employed in the study. The choice of the ECM is to enable it account for the explanatory potent of the regressions in both the short run and long run as well as ascertaining the dynamics of attaining long run equilibrium, an issue which is the key to studies related to macroeconomics variables one of which is the exchange rate. The Johansen-Joselius Co- Integration test is employed in this study, to test for the presence of a long run relationship between the dependent variable (exchange rate) and the independent variables. The result of the co-integration as revealed show that trace statistics and maximum eigen values are greater than the critical values at 5% level of significance. It shows that there is a unique long run relationship among Y, EXCR, EXPT,IMP, INF and FDI. The result further shows that the explanatory variables explain and account for about 99% of variation in economics growth peroxide by GDP, which is an evidence of a good fit of the model. The f- statistics shows that the explanatory variables are jointly significant in explaining economic growth (dependent variable). The result above shows export and foreign direct investment are statistically significant in determining economic growth which considered at 5% and 10% respectively. However, exchange rate import and inflation are found to be statistically non – significant. It is against this back drop of the above findings, that it is recommended that effort be made to increase the consumption of made in Nigeria goods, which includes the usage of raw material that can be sourced locally by Nigerian industries in order to increase foreign exchange earnings. The implication of this is that local industries should be encouraged to look inward for their raw material. Having uncovered from the study that the nexus between economic growth and foreign exchange management being a short run relationship, it is necessary that the foreign exchange management policy initiatives be made to satisfy the shorts–run behavioral expectations of the variables used in uncovering this fact.
Keywords: Foreign Exchange, Nigeria, economic growth
Management of Amnesty Programme for Sustainable Livelihood in the Niger-Delta Region of Nigeria: Challenges and Policy Action (Review Completed - Accepted)
Many years of deprivation, marginalization and cheating of the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria led to the youth in attempt to find solution to the neglect formed themselves into groups which became aggressive as a result of the use of arms in approach and operation that brought about a near chaos environment in the region. As a response to curb the deplorable security situation in the region, the federal government of Nigeria initiated and pronounced the Niger Delta Amnesty Programme (NDAP). This study attempted to assess the success of the amnesty programme to deliver a sustainable livelihood for the repentant ex-militants and restore peace and security in the region. The study employed questionnaire and interview methods randomly administered in three of the nine states of the region. The study observed reoccurrence of crime, high consumption of illicit drugs, threat to local government council executives and intra/inter cult conflicts among others in the region. Its recommendations included decentralization of the amnesty rehabilitation camps and adoption of definite goals for the amnesty programe in order to achieve sustainable peace and livelihood in the region
Keywords: Amnesty, Niger-Delta, Nigeria, Sustainable Development, Sustainable Livelihood
Effects of Motivation on Employees Job Commitment in the Nigerian Banking Industry: An Empirical Analysis (Published)
The purpose of this study was to provide a holistic view of workers attitudes and perception of the various motivational factors, as well as, examines the perceived effects of management use of motivation on workers job commitment in the Nigerian banking industry. The empirical study was conducted via a survey on (six) 6, out of the 22 Nigerian banks licensed by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) as at the time of this survey. Using the frameworks from Parker (2001), factors manifesting employee’s job commitment were regressed on the key factors manifesting successful motivation. However, the model contrived was estimated using multiple regression analysis. Findings revealed sufficient evidence to conclude that successful Motivational factors had positive effects on employee job commitment in Nigerian banks, with majority of the respondents unanimously indicated good salaries and fringe benefits as their best source of motivation, while opportunity to some form of ownership scheme and increased responsibility/authority followed in that order.
Keywords: Banking, Employees Job Commitments, Motivation, Nigeria, Structural Equation Modeling