Evaluation of Petroleum Crude Oil Price Volatility on Nigeria National Income and Nigeria Economy (Published)
Oil dependent nations have the potential of economic growth and development in a stable international oil price system. However, the effect of oil price volatility in the evaluation of Nigeria national income and economy is imperative in the face of Nigeria reliance on oil becoming a dream as the negative effect on budget implementation is clearly discovered by researchers. This study evaluated the effect of crude oil price volatility on Nigeria economy and the national income. The study adopted ex-post facto research design. The study covered a period of 22years from 1995 to 2017. Descriptive and inferential (regression) statistics were adopted for the study. The result showed that oil price volatility has significant combined effect on Nigeria’s economy (Gross Domestic Product, Gross National Product and Per Capital Income) Adj.R2 of 0.432;0.449 &0.478, F-Statistics of 7.858, 9.488 ,& 9.238 and p-value 0.004, 0.002 & 0.002.Oil price volatility has no significant negative impact on Gross Domestic Product with β22 of -0.004,R2 of 0.023 t-statistics of -0.630 & p-value of 0.537;oil price volatility has no significant negative impact on Gross National Product with β22 of -0.005,R2of 0.027,t-statistics of -0.692 and p-value of 0.498;also oil price volatility has no significant negative impact on Per Capital Income with β22 of -0.004,R2 of 0.027,t-statistics of -0.688 & p-value of 0.500.The study concluded that oil price volatility affects national income and Nigeria economy significantly. The study recommended that Nigeria should adopt policies that will address negative oil price shocks so that the budgetary system and national income will not be affected.
Keywords: Exchange Rate, Gross Domestic Product, National Income, Nigeria economy, gross national product, oil price volatility
The Impact of Company Income Tax and Value-Added Tax on Economic Growth: Evidence from Nigeria (Published)
This study examined the impact of companies’ income tax, value-added tax on economic growth (proxy by gross domestic product) in Nigeria. Secondary time series panel data was collected for the period 2005 to 2014 from the Statistical Bulletin of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). The study employed Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) technique based on the computer software Windows SPSS 20 version for the analysis of data, where gross Domestic product (GDP), the dependent variable and proxy for economic growth, was regressed as a function of company income tax (CIT) and value-added tax (VAT), the independent variables. The results of the analysis showed that both company income tax and value-added tax have significantly positive impact on economic growth. Based on the findings, the study recommended that government should strengthen the tax administration system to broaden the tax income, and embark on tax education to ensure voluntary tax compliance. The study also recommended that the tax authorities should employ qualified tax professionals who should be regularly trained and be retained in the tax administration system for efficient tax administration and collection.
Keywords: Company Income Tax, National Income, Value Added Tax, economic growth