What Is the Best Way to Invest in Countries Which Have Inflation Problems? (Published)
This research investigated inflation in Iran and collected data in different ways based on a series of polls and studies on various websites and articles and booklets. In general, one of the important and practical issues that were examined in this article was the investment and inflation processes, which were the two facts that formed the main title of this article, the effective role of investment on the lives of all sections of society, especially private individuals and households. normal problems are not hidden from anyone, but the existence of problems such as inflation has caused concern to all members of society, on the other hand, inflation is an unwanted thing, and it cannot be said that none of the members of the society have a 100% role in it, or that they are completely irrelevant. But the main topic of this project is to discuss all these topics and find a solution to compensate for these problems and solve these concerns. The findings of this research generally show that the rate of inflation in third-world countries increases by an average of 54.0% every year. The problems in these countries are not few, from domestic inflation or foreign sanctions in addition to being more severe. Changing the lifestyle of the people in society makes it impossible to save or invest, but financial issues are always looking for solutions and methods to control them. It provides you with a summary of these two controversial difficulties.
Keywords: Inflation, Investment, Third World countries, financial issues., rate of inflation, society problems
Insurance Business: A Panacea for Agricultural Sector Sustainability in Nigeria (Published)
Insurance sector plays important role in the growth of Nigeria economy as well as agricultural sector. The study investigated the impact of insurance business on the growth of agricultural sector in Nigeria, using time series data for 18 years from 2000 to 2017, the data used were total insurance investment; total non-life insurance premium (Independent) and the agricultural sector output to Gross Domestic Product (Dependent) which was obtained from central bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin and also National insurance commission (NAICOM) statistical bulletin. OLS regression was conducted as well as Augmented Dickey Fuller unit root test which reveals that all the variables are stationary at the order of one, the test for cointegration shows that all the variables cointegrate when AGDP is the endogenous variable. The granger causality test reveals that there is a bidirectional relationship existing between AGDP and total non-life insurance premiums, while unidirectional relationship exists between AGDP and total life insurance premiums with no causal relationship existing between AGDP and total insurance investments. The regression result shows that all the variables have significant impact on agricultural output to gross domestic product and also there is a positive relationship between all the predictors and agricultural output to GDP. It was therefore concluded that insurance serve as a remedy to the sustainability of agricultural sector in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends that insurance sector should provide adequate information particularly on the risk concerning agricultural sectors and also providing a maximum coverage for farmers and their products to reduce the risk which the farmers retained or being expose to in the sector.
Keywords: Agriculture, Gross Domestic Product, Insurance, Investment, Life Insurance, general insurance
Financial Reporting Quality and Its Effect on Investment Decisions by Nigerian Deposit Money Banks (Published)
The study investigated the effects of financial reporting quality on investment decision making by Deposit Money Banks in reference to Zenith Bank Plc, Nigeria. Data obtained from the audited annual reports of Zenith Bank Plc that covered period of 2009 – 2016.The study utilised both Descriptive and Ordinary Least Square Regression method with the aid of using E-view 9 to analyse the data. The findings showed that, there was a significant effect of variables of (Financial Reporting Quality FRQ measures as profit after tax, cash used in/ from investing and cash and cash equivalent) on investment. The result also shows that, Financial Reporting Quality has significantly influenced on investment of Deposit Money Banks with (R2 = 0.98; P <0.05). The study concluded that, higher financial reporting quality increases investment decision by Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria.
Keywords: Cash, Deposit Money Banks, Financial Reporting Quality., Investment, Nigeria, Profit after tax
Estimating Factors Affecting Investment in the Iraqi Arable Land for the Period 1990-2013 (Published)
The research is focused on the investment in the Iraqi agricultural infrastructure. The problem to be studied in this research is that the agricultural sector in Iraq is strictly suffering from the lower productivity because of the limited investment, especially in the reclamation of more land areas through providing water for irrigation. Data for the period 1990-2014 are used in the analysis. They include the quantities of funds invested in the reclamation of land area, the numbers of hectares reclaimed, the gross domestic product and the annual agricultural production. A mathematical model is formulated by which the economic phenomena is analyzed by means of the method of Ordinary Least Square. GDP and the value of agricultural production were positively proportionate with the quantities of funds allocated to be invested in the reclamation of arable land and conformable to the rules of economic theory. When the value of agricultural production increase by 10%, the funds investment in the reclamation process will increase by 56.8 million dollar. However, there was no influence to the variable of the agricultural area reclaimed on the funds of investment in the reclamation process. It was negatively proportionate with the quantities of funds invested.
Keywords: Investment, Mathematical model, reclamation
Implications of Savings and Investment on Economic Growth in Nigeria (Published)
The implication of savings and investment on economic growth is mixed and controversial both theoretically and empirically. There is large empirical literature which examines the relationship between savings and economic growth in Nigeria. There is also a considerable literature which looks at the relationship between economic growth and investment. However, little attention has been given to examining the implications of savings and investment on economic growth in Nigeria. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the implications of savings and investment on economic growth in Nigeria using ordinary least square regression. Results for ADF and PP unit root tests show that all variables under consideration are I(1). The study also revealed that there is long run relationship between savings, investment and economic growth in Nigeria. The result of the regression indicates that change in gross domestic savings movements has negative and significant effect on the change in economic growth in Nigeria and that the change in gross domestic investment has positive and significant effect on the change in the Nigerian economic growth. We therefore recommend that government should set a sound and fertile environment in order to foster domestic saving that will help to increase the level of economic growth in Nigeria
Keywords: ADF, Investment, PP., Savings, economic growth
Dividend Payout Pattern: Nigeria Deposit Money Banks in Perspective (Published)
Investors invest their money with the hope to have returns that could improve their welfare in future. Dividend is one of those expectations that investors hope to get as a result of their investment. A Company pays dividend in order to encourage further investment for growth. However, the degree and extent by which dividend is made depend on the organization management decision. There has been contradicting arguments on firms dividend payout ratio such as rightist, leftist and the middle of the road hypothesis on whether firms should pay dividend or not. Hence there has not been any conclusive study on the factors that determine the dividend growth pattern of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. It is this perceived gap that informs the empirical analysis of growth pattern of dividend payout of quoted banks in Nigeria. The study relies majorly on secondary data sourced from the financial report of seven (7) quoted banks in the Nigeria Stock Exchange. It was found that all the explanatory variables (inflation, share price and earnings per share) have significant impact on dividend payout. The study recommends that deposit money banks in Nigeria should improve on their performance so as to increase earnings which will go a long way in determining the Dividend Payout Pattern of their banks while government should makes both investment and production environment suitable for banks to produce locally and avoid much importation to control inflation.
Keywords: Banks’, Dividend Payout Pattern, Inflation, Investment, Nigeria