International Public Sector Accounting Standards Adoption and Challenges of Implementation in Nigeria (Published)
This study examined International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) adoption and challenges of implementation in Nigeria. The study employed review of literature of prior studies using institutional theory as the anchor. The review of prior studies revealed that the adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) in Nigeria is faced with several challenges such as political-will towards full IPSAS implementation; statutory adjustment, inadequate funding and institutional commitment, poor IT infrastructure, change management issues amongst others. The study recommended amongst others that professional accountancy organisations such as the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria (ICAN) and Association of National Accountants of Nigeria (ANAN) should consider what rolethey can play in growing consciousness of the need for transparent financial reporting in the public sector entities, including but going beyond providing training on accounting standards. Also governments should introduce plans for smooth and quick migration to full accrual-based IPSAS in all public sector entities in Nigeria so as to maximize the perceived benefits associated with accrual basis of IPSAS.
Keywords: Adoption, Challenges, Financial reports, IPSAS
Cloud Accounting and the Quality of Financial Reports of Selected Banks in Nigeria (Published)
This study investigated the effect of cloud computing on the quality of financial reports in selected deposit money banks in Nigeria. Software as a service (Saas) and Infrastructure as a service (Iaas), were the cloud computing proxies employed to ascertain their effect on financial reporting quality. Financial reporting quality (FRQT) was measured in terms of qualitative characteristics of financial report as provided by IASB conceptual framework. The research design adopted in this study was survey design because the data used was primary. The population of the study consisted of 450 respondents drawn from the ten different deposit money banks in Akwa Ibom State. However, the sample size of this study was 212 determined using Taro Yamane formula. Primary data were obtained through Likert 5-points structured questionnaire. In order to examine the cause-effect relationships between the dependent variable and independent variables as well as to test the formulated hypotheses, the study relied on a robust OLS regression analysis. The results obtained from the robust OLS regression analysis revealed that software has a statistically positive but insignificant effect on the financial reporting quality; infrastructure has a statistically positive and significant effect on the financial reporting quality. Thus, we concluded that cloud computing has significant effect on the financial reporting quality of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Based, on these findings, we recommended that banks should adopt cloud computing to accelerate innovation, drive business agility, streamline cost and most importantly increase the financial reporting quality.
Keywords: Financial reports, Nigeria, Quality, cloud accounting, selected banks
Ethical Principles and Relevance of Financial Reports of Quoted Companies in Nigeria (Published)
Financial reports are meant to present relevant accounting information among other qualities required of them. The relevance of financial report is necessary in decision making; investors, lenders and other creditors place reliance on financial reports that reflect predictive and confirmatory financial information. However, some financial information have been known to be distorted or falsified; resulting in irrelevant and misleading reports that are not suitable for decision making. Using survey research design based on a population of 4893 accountants and auditors of 169 quoted companies and four regulatory bodies in Nigeria, the study investigated the relationship between ethical principles and relevance of financial reports. Four hundred copies of the research instrument with a reliability test coefficient of 0.830 using the Cronbach’s alpha statistics were distributed with a 92.5% return rate. Data analysis employed the use of descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicate that ethical principles influence the relevance of financial reports significantly ( F(4, 366) = 36.721, Adj. R2 = 0.279, p = 0.000). The study recommends continuous ethical orientation for accountants, managers and auditors of Nigerian quoted companies
Keywords: Ethics, Financial reports, Integrity, Quoted companies, Relevance
IMPACT OF HUMAN CAPITAL ACCOUNTING ON CORPORATE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE- A STUDY OF SELECTED BANKS IN NIGERIA (Published)
This study examines the Impact of Human Capital Accounting(HCA) on financial performance and market valuation using four publicly quoted companies(banks) in Nigeria. It presents a comparative analysis between the current accounting practice of corporate valuation(net worth) and what it should be if investments on human capital are treated as assets, capitalised and amortized over the useful life span of the assets. Data for this study were sourced through questionnaire which were administered to a randomly selected respondents of accountants of management cadre. Secondary data were sourced from the annual financial statements of five selected firms, relevant textbooks and the internet. Data were analysed using percentages and Chi-Square statistical test. The study reveals among others that there is a significant increase in firms’ networth when investments on human capital are treated as assets and capitalized as against the current practice where such expenditures are treated as mere revenue expenses thereby leading to gross undervaluation of firms’ Statement of Financial Position(Balance Sheet) and the Income Statement (Profit and Loss Account). The study recommends that investment in human capital should be treated as asset and so amortised over the expected period of service while the current practice of writing-off the annual investment on human capital from the the year’s income statement should be discouraged as the practice grossly undervalues firms. Relevant regulatory bodies such as Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria, SEC, CBN, NDIC and so on are implored to make laws that will compel quoted firms to compulsorily integrate HCA in their financial reports.
Keywords: : Human Capital, Corporate Valuation, Financial reports, Human Assets, Human Capital Accounting