International Public Sector Accounting Standards Adoption and Challenges of Implementation in Nigeria (Published)
This study examined International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) adoption and challenges of implementation in Nigeria. The study employed review of literature of prior studies using institutional theory as the anchor. The review of prior studies revealed that the adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) in Nigeria is faced with several challenges such as political-will towards full IPSAS implementation; statutory adjustment, inadequate funding and institutional commitment, poor IT infrastructure, change management issues amongst others. The study recommended amongst others that professional accountancy organisations such as the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria (ICAN) and Association of National Accountants of Nigeria (ANAN) should consider what rolethey can play in growing consciousness of the need for transparent financial reporting in the public sector entities, including but going beyond providing training on accounting standards. Also governments should introduce plans for smooth and quick migration to full accrual-based IPSAS in all public sector entities in Nigeria so as to maximize the perceived benefits associated with accrual basis of IPSAS.
Keywords: Adoption, Challenges, Financial reports, IPSAS
Challenges and Obstacles That Small And Medium Enterprises Face In Terms Of Financing in Palestine (Published)
The purpose of the study attempts to analyze the obstacles and challenges that face small and medium enterprises in Palestine. This study seeks to look at the importance of small and medium enterprises, and to identify the most important constraints faced by small entrepreneurs in obtaining the required funding in Palestine, and what are the most important impediments toward financing of small projects. The investigation helped in identifying the major challenges of financing small and medium business and what to do in order to overcome these obstacles. It was also found that small enterprises are one of the most important key elements in achieving economic development in all countries of the world where it accounts for the highest percentage among all kinds of economic projects of all sizes. A qualitative closed-ended survey was carried out for collecting data from managers and owners of 35 businesses in Palestine. The responses of 28 statements were collected in five different categories. The findings showed that the Obstacles facing the growth of small enterprises in Palestine by respondents was “Weakness of representative organizations that defend the interests of small businesses, as well as Lack of legal frameworks and incentives for small businesses
Keywords: Challenges, Financing, Palestine, Small and Medium Enterprises