Effect of Goods and Services Tax on Capital Expenditure in Nigeria (Published)
This study is an empirical examination of the effect of goods and services tax on capital expenditure in Nigeria for the period 2005 – 2020. The specific objectives are to ascertain the effect of value added tax (VAT) on capital expenditure (CAPEX) and secondly to determine the effect of Customs and Excise Duties on capital expenditure (CAPEX) in Nigeria. The study is theoretically linked to Benefit Received Theory. The study was an ex-post-facto research which made use of secondary data obtained from the Central Bank Statistical Bulletin. The study employed descriptive statistics and graphical representation using E-Views 10 software to check for the trends, linearity or otherwise of the data. Regression model was applied in determining the extent of the effect exerted on capital expenditure (CAPEX) by value added tax (VAT) and custom and excise duties (CED). The result of the analysis revealed that the duo independent variables which are value added tax and custom duties had a significant and positive effect on capital expenditure. The implication of this finding is that the capital expenditure has been influenced significantly by value added tax and customs duties. The study concluded that a long-run relationship existed among VAT, CED and capital expenditure. It is therefore recommended that revenues generated from VAT and CED should be invested and allocated adequately in major domestic sectors of the economy of Nigeria so as to expand the revenue sources of the nation.
Citation: Iyidiobi F.C., Ugwuanyi U.B., and Ezugwu C.I. (2022) Effect of Goods and Services Tax on Capital Expenditure in Nigeria, European Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Research, Vol.10, No. 10, pp.1-13
Keywords: CAPEX, CED, Expenditure, Service, Tax, VAT, goods
Financial Regulation: Budget deficit management in post-independence Uzbekistan (Published)
The paper aims to study the important macroeconomic financial regulation problems such as budget deficit management in post-independence years of Uzbekistan. The factors of budget deficit, the ways of its reduction and the financing mechanisms were studied using documenary analysis, economic and statistical methods of research. The research revealed that high level of centralized investments, negative effect of existed exchange regime, high subsidies for Pensions fund, compensation of agricultural losses due to bad wheather conditions and geopolitical situation required voluminous expenses. At the same time, change in tax rules, sharp decline of the income base of enterprises reduced budget revenies in the studied period. The results of research can be used as a basis for further fundamental researchs and to improving public policy and increase the efficiency of measures of budget deficit management in emerging markets.
Keywords: Budget, Expenditure, Regulation, Revenue, Uzbekistan, deficit
Analytical Measures of Evaluating Auditors Quality Performance (Published)
This paper analyzes analytical procedures in auditing, including theoretical and practical aspects, as well as analytical procedures of income and expenses. The aim of this paper has been to determine the essence and the purpose of analytical procedures in auditing. The paper states that analytical procedures in auditing enable the auditor to understand specific features of activity of a business entity – the audit client, areas of potential risk, audit risk and materiality level; to detect the presence of distortions in financial reporting; to analyze the client’s financial condition; to estimate the probability of its continuous activities; to identify the need for additional audit procedures; and to develop recommendations on how to improve the client’s financial condition, which is important in contemporary circumstances of the development of the Iraqi economy. The paper also provides the conclusion that solving the problem of efficiency of analytical procedures can be enhanced by using modern information technologies and systems.
Keywords: Analytical Procedures, Audit, Audit Evidences, Audit of Revenue, Expenditure