INTEGRATION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) INTO CORPORATE GOVERNANCE: NEW MODEL, STRUCTURE AND PRACTICE: A CASE STUDY OF SAUDI COMPANY (Published)
This paper seeks to explore the integration of corporate social responsibility (CSR) into corporate governance (CG) structure and system. To obtain this objective, this paper firstly reviews the extensive literature of CG and CSR. Second, it investigates the conception and understanding of interrelationship between CG and CSR within case study context of petrochemical company operates in Saudi Arabia. A qualitative case study was adopted by conducting in-depth interviews with participants at various levels of board and management in petrochemical company operates in Saudi Arabia. The findings suggested that the majority of participants consider CG as an essential foundation for sustainable CSR activities. The significance of the findings can be found in the fact that the previous trend of focusing solely on CG in developing countries has been reverted and more attention is dedicated to CSR. The current study contributes to existing body of CSR and CG literature by presenting the new CSR governance model. Two important implications can be found in this study. At organizational level, board members and managers can improve the corporate policy and practice in context of engaging with stakeholders. At the national level, the policy makers within developing countries can build on the conclusion drawn in this paper and enhance capacities of their regulatory and judicial systems to protect stakeholder’s interest.
Keywords: CSR governance., Corporate Governance, Corporate Social Responsibility
Vol 3, Issue 5, May 2015 ()
Keywords: CSR governance., Corporate Governance, Corporate Social Responsibility
Board Characteristics and Firm Performance- Evidence from Palestine (Published)
The objective of this research paper is to assess the relationship between the Return on Assets and Board Characteristics (Board independence, Board meeting, Board size, Board expertise, Company size and Company year of incorporation). The research consisted of examining companies listed on the Palestine Exchange with analysis undertaken through regression analysis. After studying the six variables, the researcher found the existence of only one relationship which was between the age of the organization/ year of incorporation and the company’s Return on Assets (ROA). This paper provides a greater insight to understanding corporate governance in Palestine. The approach, taken in this paper, will enable companies to assess the true relationship between the Return on Assets to Board independence, Board meeting, Board size, Board expertise, Company size and Company year of incorporation. It will enable them, also, to find ways of ensuring these factors become more relevant to the organization’s performance. Palestine is still a young country in relation to corporate governance and the outcome of this paper will enable companies to grow positively
Keywords: Board Characteristics, Corporate Governance, Firm Performance, Palestine
IMPACT OF INSTITUTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SYSTEM IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA ANGLOPHONE COUNTRIES (SSAA). (Published)
This paper assesses the impact of institutional characteristics of corporate governance on corporate system of firms using survey questionnaire based on international corporate governance norms. Data were collected from listed firms in Ghana, Nigeria and South Africa. The conclusions are follows: (1) In Ghanaian and South African firms show that regulatory framework and enforcement of corporate governance have a positive significant impact on corporate governance system. However, in Nigerian firms’ regulatory framework has a negative significant relationship with corporate governance system. This result suggests that in Ghanaian and South African firms’ regulatory frameworks and enforcement may be stronger than that in Nigerian firms. (2) In Nigerian firms, there are violations of minority shareholders right. (3) Ownership concentration is significant with corporate governance system in the region. This indicates that ownership concentration is prevalent in firms of Sub-Saharan African Anglophone countries. We recommend that there should be prudent monitoring of corporate governance rules and enforcement
Keywords: Corporate Governance, institutional characteristics and OLS regression
EXAMINING CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRACTICES IN NIGERIAN AND SOUTH AFRICAN FIRMS (Published)
This paper reviews the historical background of corporate governance and emerging issues in the development and practice of corporate governance in Nigerian and South African firms. The paper examines the role of institutional bodies on corporate governance of listed firms, regulatory and enforcement, and institutional bodies of corporate governance in Nigeria and South Africa. Other issues also examined include role and responsibilities of corporate board and external factors that affect corporate governance such as politics, corruption, economic, and ownership structure of listed firms. We find that institutional shareholders are more active in South Africa than in Nigeria, also shareholders association in South Africa are not active compared with that of Nigeria. In addition, South Africa have a stronger institutional framework than Nigeria, this really provide an evidence to show that enforcement of corporate governance practices in South Africa seem to be better than Nigeria. Generally, we find that corruption and bribery, politics, economic and ownership structure influence effective corporate governance practice in each country
Keywords: Corporate Governance, Corruption, Economics and Ownership structure, Institutional frameworks, Politics
THE ROLE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND ITS IMPACT ON THE SHARE PRICE OF INDUSTRIAL CORPORATIONS LISTED ON THE AMMAN STOCK EXCHANGE (Published)
This study examined the principles of corporate governance, and make them known and its importance, and to achieve the goal of this study was to develop a questionnaire composed of (70) items, was distributed to a sample study, the study population consisted of industrial corporations listed on the Amman Stock Exchange, and number (70) Company, and was the study sample directors general and their deputies, managers, administrators and financial exclusively, working in industrial companies totaling (280) as director, due to the large size of the sample was selected a random sample of each company to be the research sample, and by (50%) of them, totaling (140) director in companies included in the study, and after the completion of the identification of the study sample were distributed to them (140) questionnaires were retrieved (125) to identify them, and the percentage of questionnaires suitable for statistical analysis of (112) to identify, has been used by researchers in the study, a set of statistical methods, available in the program Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), including style regression, and correlation analysis to test the hypotheses.The most important results of the study, that there is an application of the principles of corporate governance in industrial corporations listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. There is increase understanding and awareness of the departments of industrial companies to contribute to the principles of corporate governance. Therefore, this will contribute significantly to the upgrading and advancement of the price of the stock in the companies mentioned. One of the main recommendations recommended by this study , constantly industrial corporations listed on the Amman Stock Exchange to apply the principles of corporate governance, and the continuation of industrial corporations in adherence to the principles of corporate governance, in particular, the principle of the role of stakeholders in corporate governance, and the principle responsibilities of the Board of Directors, and the principle of disclosure and transparency, as they have a significant impact on the share price of the company
Keywords: Corporate Governance, Industrial Companies, Share Price, Stakeholders
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE BANKING SECTOR OF GHANA (Published)
The purpose of this research is to examine the degree to which banks in Ghana use risk management practices and corporate governance in dealing with different types of risk. A modified questionnaire, divided into two parts was developed and administered to the selected banks’ board of directors, senior risk management officers and selected staff. The first part of the questionnaire covered five aspects: understanding risk and risk management, risk identification, risk assessment and analysis, risk monitoring, and corporate governance and risk management practices. This part included 32 closed-ended questions based on an interval scale. The second part consisted of two closed-ended questions based on an ordinal scale dealing with two topics: methods of risk identification, and risks facing the sampled banks. The result of the study indicated that, Board of Directors, senior staffs and not all staff are actively involved in risk management and the most important types of risk facing the sampled banks are credit risk, operating risk, solvency risk, interest rate risk, and liquidity risk. The study also found out that the sampled banks are efficient in managing risk
Keywords: Commercial Banks, Corporate Governance, Ghana, Management, Risk
Audit Committees: The Journey So Far In Nigeria (Review Completed - Accepted)
Before 1989, there was no issues of audit committee in Nigeria. In 1989 Professor Olowokure article titled a Case for Audit Committee in Nigeria was written drawing the attention of Government, Stakeholders for the use of Audit Committee in public companies in Nigeria. Hence this was captured in the CAMA 1990 as amended Section 359 (3), it then become very important in Nigeria. The importance have led to problematic issues which resulted to why the research is been carried out.
Keywords: Audit Committee, Board Of Directors, Corporate Governance, Shareholders
Corporate Governance, Shareholders Wealth Maximization and Tax Avoidance (Review Completed - Accepted)
Tax avoidance is a common problem among many nations I the word, especially the developing and third world countries. Most citizens see tax payment as very offensive, and seek all means to avoid tax liabilities. Nigeria is not exempted from this economic menace. In spite of the several tax holidays enjoyed by firms in Nigeria, most firms have resorted to creatively avoid tax under the disguise of shareholders wealth maximization. This act is seen by the researchers as a corporate governance factor because the provision of bonus schemes by shareholders for managers for abnormal wealth maximization had justified the act of tax avoidance in the Nigerian corporate world.
Keywords: Avoidance., Corporate Governance, Shareholders, Tax, Wealth Maximization
An Empirical Investigation of the Relevant Skills of Forensic Accountants: Experience of a Developing Economy (Published)
Accounting frauds and scams are perennial. They occurred in all eras and in all countries, and affected many organizations, regardless of their size, location, or industry. From Enron and WorldCom in 2001 to Madoff and Satyam in 2009, accounting frauds and scams have been dominating news items in the past decade. Corporations and regulatory bodies are trying their best to analyze and correct existing defects in their reporting system. After having an overview of the fraud scenario in India, it is apparent that criminals have become technology-savvy, and invented newer schemes to perpetuate crimes. In the current reporting environment of “digital-age,” forensic accountants (FA’s) are in great demand for their ‘niche’ accounting, auditing, legal and investigative skills. Hence, ‘forensic’ accounting has been thrown in the forefront of the crusade” against financial deception and accounting scandals.The present study investigates through a questionnaire, which was conducted in three leading States of the national capital region (NCR) of India during 2011-12, “if there are differences in the views of the relevant skills of FA’s among accounting practitioners, academics, and users of forensic accounting services.” From the statistical test of the hypotheses propounded for this study, we discovered that “core skills are not enough requirements for FA’s, there are significant differences in the relevant skills of FA’s, as given by previous researchers with the current research, and the necessary skills of FA’s, as identified by both academics and professionals, will hopefully meet employers’ expectations too.” Therefore, FA’s, being professional experts having ‘sixth’ sense and possessing ‘special’ skills are urgently required to counter all the ingenuity of these criminals. At present, some Universities in India are considering adding forensic accounting course to their curriculum. The results of this study may provide some guidance to educators for the development of forensic accounting curriculum by identifying the pertinent skills to accompany such a program of study.
Keywords: Academics, Accounting Frauds, Corporate Governance, Forensic Accountants, Forensic Accounting, Practitioners, Scams, Skills Required, Users of Services