Pattern, Motivation, and Prevalence: An Assessment of Gambling Among Women in Lagos State Nigeria (Published)
The study investigated the pattern, motivation, and prevalence of gambling among women in Lagos state, Nigeria. Specifically, it described the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents and determined their level of participation in gambling. A purposive random sampling technique was used to select 100 respondents across 4 local government areas in Lagos state. Data was collected through the use of a detailed questionnaire and semi-structured interviews, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and themed narrative analysis. Results revealed that most of the women gamblers are in their active age (18-40), married, SSCE holders, entrepreneurs, and they have between 3-6 dependents to cater for. The majority of these women were influenced into gambling by others winning, prefers Lotto type of betting, and they have actively been gambling for 1-3years on a daily basis, enjoys betting and spends up to 50,000 monthly on betting despite making less than that amount monthly. The reason for gambling among most women is for income sustenance and they’ve been able to do some important things with their winnings, majority of the women does not encourage other women to gamble and they have never tried to stop, while most of those that stopped briefly did so because of long period of loss. The study concluded among others, that gambling is primarily driven by economic pressures and the influence of social networks, and its persistence despite high loss rates suggests that many women remain caught in a cycle of economic struggle and gambling dependency.
Keywords: Gambling, Motivation, Nigeria, Pattern, Prevalence, Women
STRESS ARISING FROM MOTIVATION AND PROFESSIONAL EFFECTIVENESS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN CROSS RIVER STATE (Published)
This study was conducted to establish the influence of stress arising from motivation on professional effectiveness of secondary school teachers in Cross River State. The study adopted an ex-post facto design. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select sixty (60) schools out of two hundred and thirty (230) public secondary schools, while random sampling was used to select six hundred (600) teachers. Research data were collected through the use of 2 sets of self-developed and validated questionnaire titled: Motivation Inventory (MOI) and Professional Effectiveness Questionnaire (PEQ). MOI consisted of 21 items Likert-type scale with a alternative responses (very stressful, stressful, less stressful, not stressful). PEQ was a 28 items Likert-type scale with 4 alternative responses (very effective, effective, ineffective, less effective and has submits such as lesson presentation, use of instructional aids, classroom management, evaluation of students, learning motivation, supervision of co-curricular activities and professional/personal qualities. Both instruments has reliability index of 0.81 and 0.87 significance. Result obtained showed a significant influence of stress arising from (motivation on lesson presentation, use of instructional aids, classroom management and evaluation of students, supervision of co-curricular activities). Based on the finding, it was recommended among others that teachers should learn how to manage stressful situations by use of self-talk technique which enables an individual emit self-statements that may prompt coping behaviour.
Keywords: Cross River State, Motivation, Stress, Teacher, professional effectiveness