THE EFFECT OF SEX (GENDER) ON THE SUCCESS OF BUSINESSWOMEN IN THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT IN MARKETING IN JORDAN (AN EMPIRICAL STUDY) (Published)
The aim of this study is to address gender barriers in the business environment in Jordan. Two variables that may influence economic success of businesses owned by women entrepreneurs in Jordan were selected for this purpose. These variables are the marital status of female entrepreneur and its effect on her business, while the second variable is related to gender discrimination and whether it is considered a major obstacle facing women entrepreneurs. To analyze data collected from 102 convenient sample of female business owners in private sector and different innovation centers the linear model was used to identify the relationship between the marital status and gender discrimination and success in business. The result of this study shows a positive relationship between the marital status of business owners and success in business and that being a female or single is not an obstacle facing Jordanian women in business. The implications of the results are briefly highlighted.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Gender, Jordan, Women Entrepreneurs
REDUCING UNEMPLOYMENT INCIDENCE FOR ECONOMIC SECURITY IN NIGERIA: THE INTERPLAY OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION AND URGENT SOCIAL INTERVENTION (Published)
Economic security being an ingredient for growth and development, makes no sense if job creation is not an outcome. Hence, this study examined the interplay of entrepreneurship education and urgent social intervention in order to reduce unemployment incidence in Nigeria. This simple descriptive survey design study provided a baseline information for policy-management on education in order to enhance productivity of citizens in Nigeria. Secondary data from National Bureau of Statistics and other data sources were obtained to answer four research questions raised for the study. Data analysis was effected with sample descriptive statistics and tables. Results obtained revealed: high rate of unemployment (across education levels and age groups), low level of entrepreneurship education, high prospects of entrepreneurship education in poverty alleviation and increase employment opportunities; and a tripatriate government intervention in their policies and programmes in order to create employment opportunities for citizens. Therefore, it was recommended that policymakers should emphasize entrepreneurship education at all levels of education while government should invest more on public goods for job opportunities in Nigeria.
Keywords: Education, Entrepreneurship, Intervention, Security, Unemployment
The Marketing Challenges of Healthcare Entrepreneurship: An Empirical Investigation in Nigeria (Published)
This paper investigated the effects of such independent variables as technology, market segmentation and cost reduction on the delivery of the consumer-endorsed services with special interest on healthcare entrepreneurs in Aba and Umuahia metropolis. 96 questionnaires were administered randomly among medical doctors, pharmacists/laboratory technicians and qualified nurses/midwives of 12 hospitals in Umuahia and 20 hospitals in Aba metropolis. Out of the 74 copies returned, 72 were found usable for analysis. Analyzing the data using simple percentages, t-test and Pearson Correlation Coefficient, it was found that the interactions between the aforementioned independent variables and the delivery of patient-endorsed healthcare services were statistically significant. Therefore successful healthcare delivery requires the challenges of channelling competencies to market segments where competitive advantage is enduring as opposed to spreading thin across various fronts. Based on the financial setbacks of private healthcare providers and the need to further liberalize the economy, the government was advised to borrow the conspiracy theory of the Japanese. This involves the tripartite of the government, the banks and the entrepreneurs whereby the last can borrow money for a long time to acquire latest equipment and other resources with the help of government guarantee. Also, government was advised to intensify more effort on making the public healthcare providers more proficient and more humane in the delivery of patient endorsed services since their private counterparts charge high and worst still they rarely have the necessary resources in place.
Keywords: Challenges, Entrepreneurship, Healthcare, Marketing