Entrepreneurship Development In Cameroon: An Analysis of The Characteristics of Cameroonian Entrepreneurs (Published)
The main objective of this study is to describe the characteristics of Cameroonian entrepreneurs. Using a descriptive research design, the study collected 150 questionnaires through the purposive and referral (snowball) sampling techniques. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse and present collected data. The result of the study reveals that most Cameroonian entrepreneurs are dominantly Optimistic in nature and have a fighting spirit to see that their ventures survive and grow in the midst of the many challenges that surround them such as disturbance from local council agents and taxation agents, high taxes, inflation, the socio-political crisis, unsafety, power outages, lack of subventions, bad roads. They are also hardworking, generous, trustworthy, gentlemanly, sceptical, ambitious, risk bearers, confident, customer service providers, determined, discrete, dynamic, focused, goal getters, innovative, motivated, profit conscious, realistic, self-confident, strategic, time conscious, visionary. It can also be concluded that the majority of entrepreneurs in Cameroon are below forty-two (42) years, they are mostly male, married, have at least a Bachelor degree, schooled in government schools, are not very bold about their political affiliations and are not very inclined to the practice of their traditions.
Keywords: Competencies, Entrepreneur, Growth, characteristics of entrepreneurs, small businesses
Major Determinants of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Growth in Ragwe Market, Homabay County, Kenya in Post Covid -19 (Published)
Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) play a pivotal economical role in various countries. The SMEs propel the growth of a country, create job opportunities, and increase the national income. There is a number of SMEs in Ragwe market on which many entrepreneurs rely for income and livelihood. However, SMEs growth is challenged with some of them dying in their first years of operations. The main objective of this study was to examine major determinants of growth of SMEs. The specific objectives were to examine how the i) management skills; ii) availability of ready market; iii) source of capital, iv) availability and accessibility to credit facilities, v) government policies and regulations affect the growth of SMEs in Ragwe Market. This was a cross-sectional study that targeted SMEs within Ragwe Market. A sample of 41 SMEs was selected using purposive sampling. The study made use of a questionnaire and SPSS 22 was used to analyse the data. The frequencies, percentages, chi-square test, multiple linear regression and ANOVA were used in data analysis. The study found that management skills, availability of ready market, source of capital, availability and accessibility of credit facilities, and government policies and regulations significantly influence the growth of SMEs in Ragwe Market (p < 0.05) with management skills being the most important determinant of SMEs growth. The regression model with the five variables managed to explain 73.9% of variance. Therefore, further studies should be done to capture more factors influencing SMEs growth in post covid-19 era.
Citation: Akoth C. and Mutabazi M. (2023) Major Determinants of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Growth in Ragwe Market, Homabay County, Kenya in Post Covid -19, International Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship Research, Vol.11, No.1, pp.,25-39
Keywords: Capital, Growth, Management Skills, SMEs, credit facilities, government policies and regulations, ready market
Microfinance and Performance of Micro and Small Enterprises; Does Training Has an Impact (Published)
Access to finance is considered as very important for gaining high performance of Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs). Yet it has been observed that despite the availability of access to finance the performance of several MSEs is poor, which is a major hurdle in the growth rate of MSEs. The purpose of this study was to find the difference in certain performance indicators of MSEs who owners have been given training against those whose owners have never been given any kind of training. In order to conduct study survey research has been conducted and a sample of 384 MSEs was selected on simple random basis. The findings revealed that all the performance indicators including sales increase, income increase, assets increase, employment increase, and meeting household expenses have shown a significant difference among the two groups. The findings of the study are very important for the policy makers and the people who are involved in microfinance industry.
Keywords: Growth, Microfinance, Performance, Training, micro and small enterprises
Analytical Review of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Nigeria (Published)
The primary purpose of business is the supply of goods and services to satisfy the societal needs. Wherever people live in conurbations, there is always the need for goods and services. These goods and services are supplied by institutions such as the family, the voluntary organization, the business firms, local, state and federal government. Also, the importance of credit facilities from both the bank and non-bank financial institutions cannot be overemphasized in enhancing the development of SMEs in the country. However, only the effect of initial capital (CAP) and non bank credit facilities (NBK) is significant and responsive towards the enhancement of performance of SMEs while credit facilities from banks are insignificant with respect to SMEs development. Lastly it concluded that government agencies such as the National Directorate of Employment should intensify efforts geared towards training programmes for SMEs.
Keywords: Enterprise, Entrepreneurship, Environment, Growth, SMEs
Economic Transformation: Reliance to Small Businesses and Export Orientation (Published)
Uzbekistan as a low-middle-income country with a population of 30 million, has seen stable economic progress (with the growth of average 8 percent per year) since 2004 and extreme poverty has declined from 27 percent in 2000 to 15 percent in 2012. The government has set an ambitious goal for the country—to join the group of upper-middle-income countries by 2030. This study discusses the main challenges of the structural transformations that the economy will face to achieve this objective.
Keywords: Export, Growth, Small Business, Transformation, Uzbekistan, import
Implications Of Financial Intermediation Cost On Economic Growth In Nigeria (Published)
There is a growing concern as to whether the cost of financial intermediation is having commensurate beneficial implication on economic growth in Nigeria. The main objective of this study is to determine the implications of cost of financial intermediation on economic growth in Nigeria. The study made use of ordinary least square regression analysis. Results for ADF unit root tests show that all variables under consideration are I(1). The co-integration test also indicates long run relationship between cost of financial intermediation and economic growth in Nigeria. The study shows that total loan (TL) has significantly impacted on economic growth in Nigeria, that interest rate has significantly impacted positive on the growth of Nigerian economy and that the level of total deposit over the years has impacted negatively on economic growth in Nigeria. The policy implication is that improper management of financial intermediation cost may have caused several macroeconomic consequences in Nigerian economy and the framework for demonstrating its consequence in the real sector of economy. Hence, the issue of how total loan, interest rate and total deposit linked to the level of economic growth is of a great concern in Nigerian economic performance. We therefore recommend that Nigerian government should ensure that proper control and regulation should be guided the activities of the financial intermediations cost in order to achieve a sound financial system
Keywords: Cost, Economic, Financial, Growth, Intermediation, Nigeria
FUEL PRICE ADJUSTMENTS AND GROWTH OF SMES IN THE NEW JUABEN MUNICIPALITY, GHANA (Published)
Fuel as a major energy consumed has its price been unpredictable. Due to this unpredictability, policy makers always try to adjust its price to meet the prevailing world market prices. This study sought to evaluate fuel price adjustments and growth of SMEs in the New Juaben Municipality of Ghana. The specific objectives were to: find out whether fuel price adjustment affects SMEs negatively or positively, and explain the effect of fuel price adjustment on employment, turnover and output of SMEs in the New Juaben Municipality. This study was a social survey with a sample size of 204 and a purposive sampling was used to illicit information from respondents in which quantitative and qualitative analysis were undertaken. The results of the study showed that, increases in fuel price due fuel price adjustment result in increases in transportation costs, raw material costs, capital costs and other costs but have a negative relationship with consumer real income. In addition, increases in fuel price constrained the growth of SMEs. The study recommended that, government should take steps to subsidize the fuel costs of SMEs to enhance their growth which could lead to increase in employment. SMEs should be provided with managerial training to enhance their understanding of their activities
Keywords: Fuel Price Adjustments, Ghana, Growth, New Juaben Municipality, SMEs