Differential Relationships Between the Adequacy of Different Types of Family Resources and Psychological Health and Well-Being: A Meta-Analysis (Published)
This paper includes analyses of the relationships between the adequacy of three different types of family resources (basic resources, financial resources, time availability) and the psychological health and well-being of parents and other primary caregivers of children and adolescents birth to 18 years of age at-risk for poor outcomes. Meta-analysis was used to determine (a) the effect sizes between each type of family resource and psychological health and well-being, (b) the relative importance of each type of resource in explaining variations in psychological functioning, and (c) if the number of items used to measure each type of family resource moderated the relationships between family resources and psychological functioning. The study included 14 studies (N = 2,980 study participants) conducted in the United States between 1986 and 2018. Nine different scales were used to measure the study participants’ psychological health and well-being. All three types of family resources were significantly related to the study participants’ psychological functioning. The size of effect between time availability and health and well-being was larger than the sizes of effect between basic and financial resources and psychological functioning. The larger the number of items used to measure financial resources, the poorer the study participants’ health and well-being. In contrast, the larger the number of items used to measure time availability, the better was the study participants’ psychological functioning. The overall pattern of results is consistent with both family stress theories and family systems theories in terms of the importance of family resources as a determinant of healthy psychological functioning. Additionally, the different sets of analysis provided converging evidence about the relative importance of time availability as a family
Keywords: Family resources, Financial Resources, Well-being, basic resources, meta-analysis, psychological health, time availability
Psychological Consequences of Early Demise of Spouses and the Effect of the Coping Strategies on the Health of the Survivors in Ogun State, Nigeria. (Published)
This study investigated the effect of coping strategies on psychological consequences of early demise on surviving spouses in Ogun Sate .Two thousand respondents were selected using a purposive sampling technique, while the instrument for data collection was a psychological consequences of early demise on surviving spouses questionnaire (r=0.75). Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data at 0.05 level of significance.
The results of regression analysis on joint effects of coping strategies on the psychological consequences was significant (F(6,1993) = 387.10, P<0.05). The relative contributions of the coping variables on the psychological consequences variable are in the following descending order: relocating (=4.22, t=21.68, P<0.05), (=4.12, t=19.18; P<0.05), recreation/exercise (=4.12, t=19.18; P<0.05), engaging in more social activities (=3.98, t=18.27; P<0.05), comfort from admirers (=3.14, t=17.44; P<0.05), comfort from children (=2.01, t=12.84; P<0.05) and burying oneself in work (=1.34, t=4.06; P<0.05).
The study identified the psychological consequences arising from early demise of spouses were instrumental for the throes and sorrow experienced by the surviving spouses. The recommendations included: the survivor should relocate to another place to pick up the pieces of their shattered life and start another life again, more over a new widow or widower should seek helpful counsel from experienced widows and widowers who have successfully adjusted to normal life after the tragic event.
Keywords: Coping, Early Demise, Psychological Consequences, Spouses, Well-being