Assessment of Ground Water Quality in Flooded and Non-Flooded Areas (Published)
Quality parameters of well and borehole water from flooded and non-flooded areas were determined by a combination of instrumental and classical methods and compared. With boreholes, the conductivity, total dissolved solid (TDS), alkalinity, chloride and zinc levels in the flooded part were statistically comparable to their corresponding values in the non-flooded part. With wells, chloride (106.2 mg/L), alkalinity (72.6 mg/L), hardness (118.6 mg/L), conductivity (952.3 ), TDS (577.0 mg/L), pH (7.21), total an.d fecal coliform counts (236.6 MPN/100mL and 11.0 MPN/100mL respectively) in water from the flooded parts were higher than their corresponding values in the non-flooded part (70.33 mg/L, 63.3 mg/L, 75.6 mg/L, 946.3 , 576.0 mg/L, 7.15, 8.6 MPN/100mL and fecal coliform not-detected respectively). Contamination with harmful coliforms was found to be the most negative effect of flooding on ground water from wells as most of the quality parameters assessed were within permissible limits in drinking water except for total and faecal coliform counts.
Keywords: Borehole Water, Ground water quality, flooded areas, non-flooded areas, well water
Well Water Quality Assessment Using Water Quality Index in Warri Metropolis, Delta State, Nigeria (Published)
Well water samples from sixteen locations were collected and analysed within Warri metropolis to ascertain their quality using water quality index (WQI). The WQI was determined based on thirteen physico-chemical parameters. All the physico-chemical parameters of the well waters analysed were within standard regulatory limits. The water quality rating and water quality index (WQI) of the sixteen locations range from 23.61 (Ovwian) to 32.95 (Ugbomro) indicating the water quality to be of good quality. Most of the well water sampled are used for drinking purposes and as a result are provided with casing on the side called “rings” while the top is usually provided with a cover and are locked to prevent stray objects and other unwated materials from entering the well. This provides a good protection and prevention mechanisn for all the well waters. Overall the results indicate that the different well waters samples analysed from Warri Metropolis are safe for human consumptions therefore may not need further treatment.
Keywords: Parameters, Warri metropolis, Water Quality Index, physic-chemical, well water
AN ANALYSIS OF WELL WATER QUALITY AND THE INCIDENCE OF WATER BORNE DISEASES IN EMOHUA COMMUNITIES, RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA (Published)
This study examined well water quality and the incidence of water borne diseases especially diarrhoea in Emohua. To achieve this, health record data was obtained from the general hospital in Emohua. The laboratory procedure of physio-chemical parameters of pH, Turbidity, Total Hardness, Iron, lead and magnesium of well water samples randomly collected among the eight villages of Emohua such as Isiodu, Rumakunde, Rumuche, Mgbuitanwo, Oduoha, Mgbueto, Rumuohia and Elibrada was done and how they relate to the incidence of diarrhea. The multiple regression technique was used to examine the nature of the relationship which exists between well water quality parameters and the incidence of water borne diseases. Findings shows that the pH values of water at Mgbuitanwo is (3.87) and Oduoha (3.51) were slightly acidic, while in Rumuche (6.05)and Rumakunde (6.08), the pH value were alkaline and suitable for consumption. In terms of total hardness, Rumuche (24.024mg/l), Rumuakunde (36.036mg/l) and Rumuohia (28.028mg/l) have slightly hard water. Only Oduoha (108.101mg/l) had moderate hard water. However iron was dictated in the underground water at Mgbueto with a value of 1.621mg/l. Mgbuitanwo had the highest prevalence of diarrhea disease. This is followed by Isiodu and Rumuakunde. The r2 statistics shows that the well water quality parameters of Total Hardness, pH, and magnesium accounted for 65.1% of the incidence of diarrhea in the study area. Specifically, well depth accounted for 39.1% of the pH values of well water and 23.1% of the total hardness of the water in the study area. Strong monitoring and evaluation of well water hygiene, proper construction of the wells as well as awareness creation among residents need due attention.
Keywords: Emohua, acidic, diarrhea, physio-chemical parameters, well water