Haematological Responses and Growth Performance of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Fingerlings exposed to a Cypermethrin, Deltamethrin and Cyhalothrin Insecticide (Published)
The fingerlings of Clarias gariepinus of 2.620 ± 0.370g and 6.480 ± 0.598cm weight and length were exposed to a Cypermethrin, Deltamethrin and Cyhalothrin insecticide at 0.0045, 0.0085, 0.0110, 0.0125 and 0.015ml/L in triplicates with a control (0ml/L) for 96hours. Some haematological parameters and blood performance (BP) were assessed to determine the ‘health status’ of the fish. The growth performance of the survivor fish from the exposure concentrations two weeks after exposure were also evaluated based on some growth parameters- mean weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR%), relative growth rate (RGR%), and condition factor (K). The means ± SD of data obtained were determined and analyzed using One-way ANOVA. Results showed that the variations (at p<0.05) in the values of the parameters analyzed were concentration-dependent. The red blood cells, haemocrit, haemoglobin, mean corposular haemoglobin counts reduced with increase in concentration while the white blood cells, lymphocytes, eosinophils counts, and mean corposular haemoglobin concentration reduced with increased concentration, the basophils and monocytes counts were also affected. The BP values reflected the negatively impacted physiological condition and ‘health status’ of the fish. The growth performance premised on the WG (1.20±2.580 – 6.02±4.820g), SGR (11.06 – 22.68%), and RGR (54.9 – 217.46%) gave values that were comparatively better with increased concentration, than the control (2.29±2.772g, 14.96% and 109.56% respectively) which implied good recovery of the survivor fish. The K value, indication of the state of well-being of the fish had values from 0.69 – 1.60 from the concentrations while the control was 0.50, indicative of better well-being in the survivors with the removal of the toxicant.
Keywords: Clarias Gariepinus, Pyrethroid insecticide, blood parameters
ACUTE TOXIC EFFECT OF QUA IBOE LIGHT CRUDE OIL ON THE GILLS OF CLARIAS GARIEPINUS JUVENILES (Published)
The effect of the water soluble fraction of Qua Iboe Light crude oil on the survival of the Juveniles of African freshwater catfish (Clarias gariepinus) was investigated under laboratory conditions for 96 hours. A total of ten (10) juveniles of C. gariepinus each were grouped into twelve (12) test aquaria and held for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours in six (6) different concentrations of Qua Iboe Light Crude oil (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50mg/l) . The experiment were conducted in two batches (A and B). No mortality was recorded in the 0-20mg/l of toxicant, 40% mortality was recorded in the 30mg/l of toxicant giving 60% survival at the end of the 96 hours of test. In the 40mg/l of toxicant 90% mortality was recorded, giving 10% of the organism surviving at the end of the 96 hours test, while in the 50mg/l of toxicant, 100% mortality was recorded leaving 0% survivor at the end of the 96 hours bioassay. The 96 hours LC50 for both batches was 30.12mg/l. Toxicant exposure induced behavioural changes such as abnormal and uncoordinated swimming movement. It was observed that mortality was concentration – dependent: the higher the concentration, the higher the mortality. There was no significant differences in mortalities between the two batches (P>0.05) leading to the conclusion that the WSF of Qua Iboe Light Crude oil in the Nigerian coastal waters may have adverse effects on aquatic fauna and flora. However, it was observed that the WSF of Qua Iboe Light Crude oil had severe impacts on the gills of the test organisms resulting in gill lamellae disintegration and erosion which may be attributed to the cause of the mortality in the test organisms
Keywords: Acute Toxicity, Clarias Gariepinus, Gills, Juveniles, Qua Iboe Light Crude Oil
Acute Toxic Effect of Qua Iboe Light Crude Oil on The Gills of Clarias gariepinus Juveniles (Review Completed - Accepted)
The effect of the water soluble fraction of Qua Iboe Light crude oil on the survival of the Juveniles of African freshwater catfish (Clarias gariepinus) was investigated under laboratory conditions for 96 hours. A total of ten (10) juveniles of C. gariepinus each were grouped into twelve (12) test aquaria and held for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours in six (6) different concentrations of Qua Iboe Light Crude oil (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50mg/l) . The experiment were conducted in two batches (A and B).. No mortality was recorded in the 0-20mg/l of toxicant, 40% mortality was recorded in the 30mg/l of toxicant giving 60% survival at the end of the 96 hours of test. In the 40mg/l of toxicant 90% mortality was recorded, giving 10% of the organism surviving at the end of the 96 hours test, while in the 50mg/l of toxicant, 100% mortality was recorded leaving 0% survivor at the end of the 96 hours bioassay. The 96 hours LC50 for both batches was 30.12mg/l. Toxicant exposure induced behavioural changes such as abnormal and uncoordinated swimming movement. It was observed that mortality was concentration – dependent: the higher the concentration, the higher the mortality. There was no significant differences in mortalities between the two batches (P>0.05) leading to the conclusion that the WSF of Qua Iboe Light Crude oil in the Nigerian coastal waters may have adverse effects on aquatic fauna and flora. However, it was observed that the WSF of Qua Iboe Light Crude oil had severe impacts on the gills of the test organisms resulting in gill lamellae disintegration and erosion which may be attributed to the cause of the mortality in the test organisms
Keywords: Acute Toxicity, Clarias Gariepinus, Gills, Juveniles, Qua Iboe Light Crude Oil