Development of Exposition Text Writing Teaching Material Based on Reciprocal Teaching Method for Students Class X Sma Negeri 1 Kisaran (Published)
This study aims to know the results of the development of exposition text writing teaching material based on reciprocal teaching method in students class X SMA Negeri 1 Kisaran. The research method used is research and development (R & D) method proposed by Sugiyono refers to Borg & Gall model. The trial subjects consisted of 3 students with individual trials, 9 students with small group trials, and 36 students with limited field trials. Data collection techniques used are observation, interview, questionnaire and expository writing test. The results show that: (1) material expert validation includes content feasibility with an average of 83.59% on very good criteria, presentation feasibility with an average of 87.5% on very good criteria, and language aspects with an average of 86,53% on very good criteria, (2) validation of design experts with an average of 94.16% on very good criteria, (3) teacher response with an average of 92.64% on very good criteria, (4) individual testing with an average of 78.47% on good criteria, (5) small group trial with an average of 84.72% on very good criteria, and (6) limited field trial with an average of 88.02% on very good criteria. The result of the writing test of the expository text of the students before using the module is 70, while the learning result of the writing test of expository text after the students using the module increased by 84.72. The difference is 14.72 from before to after. This proves that the teaching material to write exposition texts developed can improve student learning outcomes by using reciprocal method. The implication of this research is to give a practical contribution especially in the implementation of learning for teachers as additional teaching materials and as a means to assist and facilitate students in understanding the material of exposition texts thus they can be applied to their respective lives.
Keywords: Development, Exposition Texts, Reciprocal Teaching, Teaching Materials
Development of Writing Teaching Material of Negotiation Text Based on Experience of Students Class X Man 2 Model Padangsidimpuan (Published)
This study aims to find out about the results of development of teaching materials of negotiation text based on experience of students class X MAN 2 Model Padangsidimpuan. The teaching materials developed is modular. The research method used is research and development method of Research and Development (R & D) referenced on Borg & Gall model which proposed by Wina Sanjaya. The result of the research showed that: (1) validation of material experts include the feasibility of the content with an average of 93.75% on very good criteria, the feasibility of presentation with an average of 92.04% on very good criteria, and the evaluation of the language aspect with the average of 92.70% on very good criteria, (2) design expert validation with an average of 84,16% on either criterion, (3) teacher responses with an average of 87.25% on very good criteria, (4) individual testing with an average of 78.23% on either criterion, (5) small group trials with an average of 84.70% on good criteria , and (6) limited field tests with an average of 90.14% on very good criteria. The result of the test is to write the negotiation text of the student before using the module amounts to 70,12, while the result of the test of writing negotiation text of the student after using the module increased by 80,31. The difference is 10,19 from before to after using module. This proves that teaching materials to write negotiation text developed can improve student learning outcomes by using experiential learning.
Keywords: Development, Experience-Based, Negotiation Text, Teaching Materials
Development of Drama Text Teaching Material Based on Character Education in Student Class Viii Smp Negeri 1 Batang Kuis (Published)
This study aims to produce drama text writing teaching material absed on character education on students class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Batang Kuis. The research method used is research development method of Research and Development (R & D) which refers to Borg and Gall model. The stages of development are preliminary study stage, initial product development and product trial. Product development through validation of material experts and design experts. The results of material expert validation include the feasibility of the content with an average of 85.15% with very good category, the feasibility of presentation with an average of 83.65% with very good category, and the language assessment with an average of 80.76% with very good category. Expert material design validation results with an average of 79.58% with good category. Product trials were conducted in three stages: individual trials, small group trials and limited field trials. Individual trials with an average of 84.72 with very good category, small group trials with an average of 86.80 with excellent category and unlimited field trials with an average of 91.60 with excellent category. The effectiveness of teaching materials obtained through student learning outcomes during pretest and postes. The average score during pretest is 68.31 and post-test is 80. This proves that teaching material for drama text based on character education is feasible, easy and effective to be used in learning in students class VIII SMP. This study implies improving student learning outcomes in writing drama text using teaching material based on character education.
Keywords: Based On Character Education, Development, Drama Text, Teaching Materials
Development of Discussion Textual Teaching Materials Based on the Finding on Students Class Viii Smp Negeri 4 Medan (Published)
This study aims to find out about the results of the development of discussion textual writing teaching material based on the finding in the seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 4 Medan. The research method used is research and development research and development (R & D) proposed by Vienna Sanjaya refers to Borg & Gall model. The trial subjects consisted of 3 students with individual trials, 9 students with small group trials, and 32 students with limited field trials. Technique of data collection used observation, interviews, questionnaires, and test of writing text. The results showed that: (1) material expert validation includes content feasibility with an average of 89.84% on very good criteria, presentation feasibility with an average of 88.46% on very good criteria, and language assessment with an average of 90.38% on very good criteria, (2) validation of design experts with an average of 92.08% on very good criteria, (3) teacher response with an average of 89.17% on very good criteria, (4) individual testing with an average of 76.39% on good criteria, (5) small group trials with an average of 81.94% on very good criteria, and (6) limited field tests with an average of 92.77% on very good criteria. The result of discussion textual writing test before using the module is 70,87%, while the result of the test of writing discussion text of the student after using the module increased by 80,09%. The difference is 9.22%. from before to after using the module. This proves that teaching materials to write discussion texts developed can improve student learning outcomes by using discovery-based learning.
Keywords: Development, Discovery-Based Learning, Discussion Texts, Teaching Materials
The Development of News Text Writing Material Based on Contextual Learning on Students Grade Viii Smp Prestasi Utama (Published)
This study aims to find out about the development of teaching materials to write news text based on contextual learning on grade VIII students SMP Prestasi Utama Sunggal. The teaching materials developed is modular. The research method used was research and development method of Research and Development (R&D) referenced on Borg & Gall model proposed by Wina Sanjaya. The results showed that: (1) validation of the material experts included the feasibility of the content with an average of 86.02% on very good criteria, the feasibility of the presentation with an average of 92.30% on very good criteria, and the assessment of the language with an average of 89 , 42% on very good criteria, (2) design expert validation with an average of 80% on very good criteria, (3) teacher responses with an average of 84.17% on very good criteria, (4) individual trials with an average of 77.79% on either criterion, (5) small group trials with an average of 80.32% on very good criteria, and (6) limited field tests with an average of 87.04% on very good criteria. The result of learning test of writing news text before using module equal to 66,40, while the result of learning test of writing news text after using module increased equal to 77,96. The difference is 11.96 from before to after using module. This proves that teaching materials to write news text developed is able to improve student learning outcomes by using contextual learning-based learning. This study has implications that students can more easily develop ideas based on events that students experience in the activities of writing news text. Indonesian Language Teachers respond well to module-developed teaching materials, so the module can be used as teaching material at school. Modules that have been developed can be an input and comparison in implementing learning-oriented curriculum development curriculum specially in curriculum 2013 so as to contribute to the goals of institutions and national education goals.
Keywords: Contextual, Development, News Text, Teaching Materials
The Development of Local Wisdom of Labuhanbatu Based on Teaching Material of Descriptive Text For 7th Grade Student at Smp Negeri 1 Bilah Barat, Indonesia (Published)
This research aims to know the development result of local wisdom of Labuhanbatu based teching material of descriptive text for 7th grade students of State Junior High School 1 Bilah Barat. Teaching Material is in form of module. Used research method is research and development (R & D) referred on Borg & Gall proposed by Sugiyono. The tria subject consist of 3 students with individual trial, 9 students with small group trial, and 32 students with limited field trial. Technique of collecting data uses observation, interview, questionnaire and writing descriptive text test. The research result indicates that: (1) validation of material expert includes content expediency with average 87.18% on very good criterion, presenting expediency gets the average 85.19% on very good criterion, and language assessment gains 87.93% on very good criterion, (2) validation of design expert gets 91.58% on very good criterion, (3) teacher’s response is on the average 88.33% on very good criterion, (4) individual tria gets the average 74.61% on very good criterion, (5) small group trial gets 83.22% on very good criterion and (6) limited field trial is on average 90.18%. The gained result of effectivity of using local wisdom of Labuhanbatu based module of descriptive text material is 75.37 and the effectivity of textbook is 69.85. The different is 11.72 of using textbook and using module.
Keywords: Descriptive Text, Development, Local Wisdom, Teaching Material
Exploration Study for Development Model Student Learning to Speak for Education Study Language and Literature Indonesia (Published)
This study is the initial part of a doctoral dissertation research conducted with the aim at designing a learning model in teaching speaking according to the needs of faculty and students. The learning model is designed based on curriculum of Indonesian Language Education and Literature study program, IKIP PGRI Bojonegoro, UnirowTuban, and UnisdaLamongan, East Java, Indonesia. The development of this model is done to improve the students speaking skills. Research and development are the steps consist of a needs analysis, document analysis, design models, development models and experimental models. Needs analysis was conducted by researchers to the students of the first semester and three teachers’ and the head of study program of IKIP PGRI Bojonegoro, UnirowTuban and Unisdalamongan to get information related to the needs of students and faculty to model of learning speaking. Needs analysis and documents analysis were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and discussions with students and academics. Document and needs analysis in this study a syllabus, lesson plan (RPP) and the model used for this study. This research was carried out by following the nature of the procedures of research and development covering the steps of (1) an exploratory study, (2) the stage of development, (3) the testing phase models, (4) dissemination (Borg and Gall (1983) and Sukmadinata (2008)). The results of the analysis of questionnaires, and interviews revealed that lecturers need guidelines for the implementation of learning speaking. Learning model strategies wite that foster self-confidence in speaking is needed by students’.
Keywords: Development, Exploration Stage, Model, Needs Learning, Speaking
ACTION RESEARCH PROMOTION OF ACCESS QUALITY AND EQUITY IN EDUCATION FOR DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA (Published)
The quest for Action Research is not a new phenomenon in Africa. Examination of the works and documented speeches of the founding fathers of independent Africa reveal that the desire for this type of research has always been there. These African leaders identified three main obstacles to development in Africa namely, ignorance, diseases and poverty. Although these were huge problems, education was thought to be the best means of managing them. This could only be possible when there was access, quality and equity in education. These are specific issues that must be efficiently invested in if the appropriate solutions to the stated problems are to be provided. The most appropriate solution is the action research which focuses on dealing with specific established issue that requires urgent attention. This paper discusses how Action Research can facilitate access, quality and equity in education to serve as software in development in Africa.
Keywords: Action Research, Development, Issues, Potential and Soft-ware
TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME AND ITS IMPACT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SENIOR ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF IN THE NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY SYSTEM (Published)
The study stresses the urgent need for the regular training and development of the Senior Administrative Staff in the University of Nigeria. This will contribute significant in the production of high quality manpower as well as provide the assistance to academic by specialization. Most of them have stayed on their jobs for 20years or more without attending a single training and development course or workshop. They have risen to their respective levels of incompetence. Invariably, they are redundant hence the colossal wastage as waves of fashion or new skills pass them over without notice. They rely heavily on their past or obsolescence knowledge and display old fashioned skills that contribute minimally to the attainment of the organizational goals, their zone-of-indifference becomes very narrow and survive on the basis of political membership or solid protection racket. Their style of membership gives them ‘immunity’ from any disciplinary action. They pass as time-serves and still move fast through the ranks by way of promotion or favour. This class of staff lack commitment to contribution or effectiveness. They cheat other staff they work with. The few who stick to the rules but do not belong experience the fact that good performance on their part will not merit them good evaluation by their bosses. They merely complain of inefficiency to mask their envy against employees who have pull. To upturn this obvious disservice and contribute effectively staff members have to be recruited on the basis of merit or technical qualification and regularly trained and developed to apply current skills and techniques to increase the ratio of output/input, towering cost and improving quality as well as expected revenue and also increasing profit.
Keywords: Development, Nigerian University System, Performance, Training