Analysis of Human Development of Kenya (Published)
Kenya, like many other countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America, still has problems with poverty, inequality, health, education, and environmental concerns, all of which limit its capacity for full human progress. The aim of this study was to analyse the human development of Kenya using the HDI index. HDI is a composite measurement of human well-being that includes data on life expectancy, income, and education. This study specifically analyzed the trends in HDI of Kenya since 2012 to 2022 and compared it with other countries in East African Community. A multidimensional concept was investigated using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The research of human development was concentrated on Kenya and the countries of the East Africa Community, basing on secondary data from existing Governmental and Non-Governmental publications. The geometric mean of the normalised indices for life expectancy, GNI, and education makes up the HDI. The life expectancy at birth is used to evaluate the health dimension, while the mean number of years spent in school for persons 25 years and older and the anticipated number of years spent in school for young children are used to evaluate the education dimension. The measure of the standard of life is the gross national income per person. Kenya is a country with a medium level of human development, ranked 152nd out of 189 nations in 2022 with HDI of 0.598. A number of factors, including inequalities, influence the HID in Kenya. The results of this analysis highlight Kenya’s accomplishments in terms of human development over the previous ten years. Kenya had the highest HDI score in East African Community, followed by Tanzania and Uganda. For the recommendation the policymakers and stakeholders can apply these findings to design targeted strategies and policies that address regional differences, promote gender equality, and further boost human development in Kenya and East African Community.
Keywords: Analysis, Human development, Kenya
The Covid-19 Pandemic and the Questioning of the Principle of the Human Development Index (Published)
The covid19 epidemic has definitely affected nearly all economic and social activities across the world, in addition to its destructive and fatal impacts. As a result, estimates for global economic growth have been lowered downward. Furthermore, the pandemic scenario has pushed scientific study in new areas in order to discover answers to the new problems that have arisen as a result of the epidemic. We have questioned the idea of calculating the human development index (HDI) in this context, while providing new assessment criteria judged useful and compatible with pandemic conditions to evaluate sub-dimensional development indicators pertaining to health, education, and income. As a result, we have shown that the environmental dimension is necessary for measuring the progression of the HDI, allowing us to offer a novel HDI calculation formula.
Keywords: COVID-19, Human development, Index, pandemic, principle
A Review of United Nations Development Programme Reports on Human Capital Development in Nigeria (Published)
The objective of this paper is to review the United Nation Reports on Nigeria Human Security and Development for 2015 and 2016 and to synthesize the selected indices of growth and development for policy formulation. More so, to compare and contrast the current socio-economic situation with the projections revealed by these reports. This survey (i)provides an overview of the socio-economic condition of the Nigerian state, (ii) reviews the literature provided by the 2015 and 2016 reports (iii)summarizes the methods and materials employed by the reports (iv) the report’s findings were critiqued vis-à-vis current economic realities and (v) recommendations. The review revealed that the hard economic situation in the country was compounded by 2016 recession and Covid-19 pandemic. It was also discovered that political sentiments and absence of political will were causes of underdevelopment in Nigeria. Based on this, the paper recommends that, governments at all levels should be accountable, transparent, purposeful and people-centered to enhance capabilities and opportunities and growth of the country.
Keywords: Human Security, Human development, Nigeria, Policy Formulation, United Nations