Social Welfare Analysis of Gender Inequality in Education and Employment in Urban and Rural Nigeria (Published)
This study analyzes the social welfare effect of gender inequality in human capital development (education and employment) across rural and urban Nigeria. Using Nigeria most recent data set on labour force survey by NBS, which captures labour force participation by gender, gender unemployment by educational level and sector, gender schooling ratio, gender population growth rate and economic active participation by gender this study investigated how differently, gender inequality in education and employment affects women across rural and urban regions. To unravel this, we adopted Shorrock and Alkinson Generalized Lorenz approach to welfare dominance and inequality decomposition. We ranked gender inequality on education and employment by rural and urban. The study found that female unemployment by educational level is predominant in the urban sectors compared to the rural sectors. Also gender inequality is higher in labour force participation when compared with education in Nigeria.
Keywords: : Human Capital, Education, Employment, Gender Inequality, Sectoral dominance (Rural and Urban)
INTERACTION AMONG EDUCATION, EMPLOYMENT, FDI AND GDP GROWTH IN BANGLADESH- AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS (Published)
This paper has addressed a very important policy question of Bangladesh. This examines the causality among education, employment, FDI and GDP growth in Bangladesh by using time series data from 1980 to 2013. Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) unit root tests show that the time series data is stationary at first difference. Then, the Johansen cointegration analysis indicates that the variables have strong, positive and significant linear relationship between them at .05 level of significance. Granger causality test found the unidirectional causality between employment and literacy rate and also between literacy rate and FDI. Again this empirical Granger causality test found that employment and FDI Granger causes GDP in unidirectional way. Finally, the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) is also used to check the short and long run equilibrium relationships among the variables and the significant results have been found. This study gives the guideline to the researchers and policy makers.
Keywords: Bangladesh, Education, Employment, FDI, GDP growth
INTERACTION AMONG EDUCATION, EMPLOYMENT, FDI AND GDP GROWTH IN BANGLADESH: AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS (Published)
This paper has addressed a very important policy question of Bangladesh. This examines the causality among education, employment, FDI and GDP growth in Bangladesh by using time series data from 1980 to 2013. Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) unit root tests show that the time series data is stationary at first difference. Then, the Johansen cointegration analysis indicates that the variables have strong, positive and significant linear relationship between them at .05 level of significance. Granger causality test found the unidirectional causality between employment and literacy rate and also between literacy rate and FDI. Again this empirical Granger causality test found that employment and FDI Granger causes GDP in unidirectional way. Finally, the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) is also used to check the short and long run equilibrium relationships among the variables and the significant results have been found. This study gives the guideline to the researchers and policy makers.
Keywords: Bangladesh, Education, Employment, FDI, GDP growth