Corporate Governance and CSR Disclosures: Evidence from the Banking Sector in Bangladesh (Published)
This paper focuses on the predictive effect of corporate governance (CG) on banks’ CSR disclosures. In this predictive model, we use archival data of the Bangladeshi banking sector. In this analysis, we used 11 years of CSR, corporate governance and other financial data for 30 banks from Bangladesh. We used a checklist of 60 distinct CSR items to evaluate the CSR performance. We have used random-effect and fixed-effect regression models to examine the impact of different CG elements on CSR disclosures. The study demonstrates that managerial ownership, independent directors, and control variables such as bank size, leverage, age, and bank type significantly affect CSR disclosure. Conversely, board size, female directors, and control variable ROA have been found insignificant. Aligned with legitimacy and political cost theories, owner-managed banking businesses perform more CSR activities. Independent directors in Bangladeshi banks ensure good governance and a lower level of interference with the management. Large banks in Bangladesh are more capable of participating in diversified CSR activities. As a result, they report more CSR activities than smaller banks. Higher leveraged and conventional banks report more CSR to give confidence to their shareholders. Whereas newer banks disclose more CSR to attract new clients. The outcome of the paper adds to the CSR literature by investigating empirical information based on archival data on the influence of CG elements on the CSR activities of a transitional economy’s banking sector.
Keywords: Agency Theory, Bangladesh, CSR Disclosure, Corporate Governance, Legitimacy theory
INTERACTION AMONG EDUCATION, EMPLOYMENT, FDI AND GDP GROWTH IN BANGLADESH- AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS (Published)
This paper has addressed a very important policy question of Bangladesh. This examines the causality among education, employment, FDI and GDP growth in Bangladesh by using time series data from 1980 to 2013. Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) unit root tests show that the time series data is stationary at first difference. Then, the Johansen cointegration analysis indicates that the variables have strong, positive and significant linear relationship between them at .05 level of significance. Granger causality test found the unidirectional causality between employment and literacy rate and also between literacy rate and FDI. Again this empirical Granger causality test found that employment and FDI Granger causes GDP in unidirectional way. Finally, the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) is also used to check the short and long run equilibrium relationships among the variables and the significant results have been found. This study gives the guideline to the researchers and policy makers.
Keywords: Bangladesh, Education, Employment, FDI, GDP growth
INTERACTION AMONG EDUCATION, EMPLOYMENT, FDI AND GDP GROWTH IN BANGLADESH: AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS (Published)
This paper has addressed a very important policy question of Bangladesh. This examines the causality among education, employment, FDI and GDP growth in Bangladesh by using time series data from 1980 to 2013. Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) unit root tests show that the time series data is stationary at first difference. Then, the Johansen cointegration analysis indicates that the variables have strong, positive and significant linear relationship between them at .05 level of significance. Granger causality test found the unidirectional causality between employment and literacy rate and also between literacy rate and FDI. Again this empirical Granger causality test found that employment and FDI Granger causes GDP in unidirectional way. Finally, the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) is also used to check the short and long run equilibrium relationships among the variables and the significant results have been found. This study gives the guideline to the researchers and policy makers.
Keywords: Bangladesh, Education, Employment, FDI, GDP growth