Organizational Politics and Turnover Intention: A Study from Private Colleges of Pakistan (Published)
The organizational politics is not a new phenomenon. Due to cultural differences it may be in different shapes but it is existing in every organization. In Pakistan the educational employee also engage himself in politics especially in private colleges. Likewise, others, the organizational politics is a cause of employee turnover intention. This study aims to know the relationship of organizational politics and its three antecedent’s (favoritism, pay and promotion and scarcity of resources) on employee turnover intention in private colleges. The Multan city was choosing to collect the data from respondents. A quantitative method was used in this study. To test the hypotheses regression analysis was used. The result of this study revealed that favoritism, pay and promotion and scarcity of resources antecedents of organizational politics create a politics tendency in employees and that will result in employee turnover intention.
Keywords: Organizational Politics, Pakistan, Political Perception, Private Colleges, Turnover Intention
Cash – Cash flow sensitivity of Pakistani Manufacturing firms (Published)
We investigated the model cash-cash flow sensitivity by proceeding the 165 Pakistani manufacturing firms data that published by the authentic government body state bank of Pakistan and these firms are listed in Karachi stock exchange. The observation period started from 2007 to 2010. This study disclose that Pakistani manufacturing firms try to escalate the cash holding level that beyond the firm cash flow level there should be two aspects of more holding first they hold for precautionary and second investment motives.
Keywords: Cash, Cash flow sensitivity, Manufacturing Firms, Pakistan
Capital Structure Impact on Financial Performance of Sharia and Non-Sharia Complaint Companies of Pakistan Stock Exchange (Published)
For a firm to be profitable, it is necessary to create an optimal capital structure that contribute towards desired performance level. This study was conducted to explore the relationship between capital structure and financial performance of firms specifically with respect to shariah complaint and non shariah complaint companies. The analysis was conducted on panel data of 8 companies (3 shariah complaint and 5 non shariah complaint) listed under technology and communication sector of Pakistan Stock Exchange under the period 2009-2015. Financial Performance was the dependent variable measured by ROA and ROE while capital structure was independent variable measured by indicators, LTDR, STDR, SGR, NDTS and INSHOL. Multiple linear regression and correlation were used as statistical tools to run the model. On the basis key findings we concluded in Pakistan Shariah and non shariah companies have different pattrens of capital structure. We further concluded that capital structure effect the performance of firm in case of non-shariah but do not significantly affect performance of shariah complaint.
Keywords: Capital Structure, Financial Performance, Non- Sharia complaint, Pakistan, Return on Asset, Return on Equity, Sharia complaint, Technology and Communication
Bank Profitability, Inflation and Cost Efficiency: A Case of Pakistani Banks (Published)
The study investigates the impact of internal and external factor and macro-economic variables on profitability on commercial banks of Pakistan. Dependent data analysis confirms that the bank size, capitalization, labor productivity, concentration and inflation were significant impact on the bank profitability in Pakistan
Keywords: Bank, Cost Efficiency, Inflation, Pakistan, Profitability Analysis
A Comparative Study on Performance Evaluation of Pakistani Mutual Funds (Published)
This paper evaluate and compare the performance of different categories of Pakistani mutual funds, during seven year from 2004 to 2011.Mutual funds’ performance were analyzed using various evaluation techniques; Sharpe, Treyno, Jensen’s alpha, Sortino, Information/Appraisal ratio, Fama overall performance and performance attribution analysis. The findings suggest that performance of the mutual funds measured with first five methods, does not satisfy investors’ expectations based on the risk and return, mutual funds significantly under-perform the market. Those mutual funds analyzed with the last two methods, are not offering complete diversification thus managers fell short of matching expectations consistent with the actual risk level of portfolio, they have also not made active decision involving both in allocation of assets and in selection of individual security. This study facilitates the managers and investors in taking effective investment decisions by measuring the performance of funds they can allocate resources more efficiently in future.
Keywords: Investor, Mutual funds, Pakistan, Performance, Return, Risk