Benue State Farmers-Herders Conflicts Wicked Problem – 1 : Agriculture Livelihoods for Food Sovereignty, North-Central, Nigeria (Published)
Farmers-herders’ conflicts impact on agriculture livelihoods (availability, access, utilization and stability): vulnerability, poverty, and well-being in Benue state, Nigeria. In 2022 qualitative and exploratory research was deployed in the 744 questionnaires survey at Guma and Gwer-West local government areas, Benue state, Nigeria. Data analyzed using the mean, frequency, percentage and Likert 5 scale to transcribe the social theory and construct validity. The results of the study area survey show: 79.5% conflicts frequency, 53.4% farming occupation, 88.6% conflict’s awareness and 34% government policy measures implemented on conflicts, in Benue state, Nigeria. Likert 5 scale consensus scores: illegal excavation: agreed (969); illegal mining: agreed (963); gas flaring: agreed (870) and deforestation: strongly agreed (1017). Significance drivers of the resource conflicts are: high conflicts of interest (374), high cattle rustling (379), obstruction of the gracing route (332), pastoralism crises and climate change. Agriculture livelihoods framework developed for co-value creation methodology for specific problems context for actors and stakeholders for sustainability. Human development, regenerative agriculture, and converged technologies can mitigate stress and shock adaptation strategies for the farmers-herders’ conflicts. Infrastructure ex-ante drives total factor productivity for agricultural growth (technology, organization, institutions, and resource allocation). It has an integral factor on agriculture livelihoods driven by an interconnected set of physical, economic, institutional, and social factors. Multi-stakeholder collaboration and partnerships will provide bespoke solutions: mitigate agricultural risks, desertification, transhumance conflicts, resource management, market linkages, defence security posture and agriculture supply-chains for food sovereignty to eradicate multidimensional poverty for the emergence of Nigeria and Africa agriculture corridor development.
Keywords: Agriculture corridor, Agriculture livelihoods framework, Climate Change, Farmers-herders ‘conflicts, Food Sovereignty, Human Capital Development, Livestock, Sustainability, spatial polysingularity
Abstractions from Aristotle’s Polis and Plato’s Republic for Education, Self-Actualization and Sustainability in Nigeria (Published)
The paper adumbrated on prevalent circumstances surrounding the delivery of the type of education that may not correspond to sustainability in Nigeria. This is against the backdrop of a plethora of negative imperatives in the motive, mode and usages for educational certificates instead of knowledge and merit. Abstracting from the philosophical postulations embedded in Aristotle’s Polis and Plato’s Republic as its theoretical foundation, the paper argued that education for self-actualization, if not skewed to align with the goal needs of the larger society cannot confer sustainability in the long run. Mainly descriptive in approach, the paper inferred that apart from the fact of poor funding and outmoded curriculum contents of Nigerian educational programme, which result in the churning out of graduates adjudged to be largely unemployable, a great number of education seekers still hold unto the misconception that an educational certificate, no matter how acquired and what nature it is, provides, not just jobs, but white collar jobs, whereas this had long been supplanted by pragmatism, smartness, innovation and creativity. The paper therefore recommended, among others, improved funding, the re-appraisal of educational curriculum, improvement in schools’ infrastructure, training of teachers etc.; community involvement in platforms for counselling, support and skill acquisition centres for alternative development; and the acquisition of skill sets in computer/ICT related programmes, arts and crafts, as complements to educational certificates that are expected to train the head and equip the hands at the same time.
Keywords: Education, Self-actualization, Society, Sustainability, Sustainable Development
The Sustainability Of Urban Wild Area Changes And Urban Area Development: Case Study Of Wuhan City’s Metropolitan Area, P.R. China In 2002 – 2011 (Published)
Urban wild areas are the land maintains a wild ecosystem in metropolitan areas and it is urban resources of ecosystem services. When city planning is based on economic development, capitalism urbanization and industrialization, urban wild areas tend to decrease in size while strictly urban areas become larger. Between 2002 and 2011, the metropolitan region of Wuhan, C.P. China, also displays the relationship of increasing urbanization and the decline of urban wild areas. Thus the researchers will attempt to explain a decrease in the urban wild area in the city of Wuhan due to urbanization. The current research will analyze changes in images from Landsat 7 satellite, as well as statistics of Wuhan and then they compare the study results with international sustainable standard. All data analyzed show that urban wild areas change in quality and quantity; the data also suggest that industrial and urban development correlates significantly with negative impact upon urban wild areas. In addition, the study conducted by the researchers of changes of the benchmarks of urban wild area in Wuhan culminate in sustainable ultimate gold: in the future we wants’ commitment of the United Nations. The research displays that urban wild area changes are not according with sustainable ultimate goal and it is not suitable for the well-being of metropolitan life and it serves as a serious warning to the urban wild area conservation process.
Keywords: Land Resources Management, Sustainability, Sustainable Development, Urban Development Policy, Urban Ecology, Urban Study, Wuhan city, urban wild