Characterization of Biochar and Compost Produced from different Plant Materials and Its Swine-based Compost for Soil Nutrient Release (Published)
This study focused on potential of different plant materials to release nutrients, its transformation into biochar and compost, and effect of this transformation on some chemical properties in relation to bioavailability of end-products. Preparations of Compost and Biochar were carried out by Aerobic Heap and Top-lit Up-Draft kiln methods respectively for six different plant materials (Cassava peels, Gliricidia cuttings, Maize stovers, Neem clippings, Panicum maximum and sawdust). Chemical analysis was carried out, before and after transformation. Wide variability in the capacity to release nutrients was discovered from analysis of the initial plant materials. The degree of abundance of nutrients (macro and secondary elements) in either compost or biochar, produced from different plant materials was observed. However, the most significant build of these nutrients was observed in Gliricidia-Swine based compost. Therefore, depending on duration of the crop, either biochar or compost will be a suitable soil amendment for soil fertility management.
Keywords: Bioavailability, Biochar, Chemical Properties, compost, plant materials, soil nutrient management
The Composting Technique of Empty Palm Oil Bunches Waste by The Applicaton of Diverse Moles to Increase Quality of Compost and Chili Growth (Published)
The process of palm oil bunches in the factory produces abundant wastes, both solid and liquid wastes, whereas the processing of 1 ton palm oil bunches will produce 21-23% empty bunches and 0.4-0.7 tons liquid wastes. However, it is the biggest problem that must be faced by the palm oil industries and it creates environmental pollution due to it contains pollutant, and some solutions are required to overcome these problems. Composting technique is the right solution for the problems by turning the wastes into organic fertilizer (compost). Naturally, it takes longer time for the organic wastes to decompose into organic fertilizer so that an activator is required to accelerate the decomposition by adding MOL or local microorganism, which is made from the wastes of shrimp heads, fish bones, and banana humps, and according to the preliminary research, they are very effective to accelerate the composting and fermenting process. Objectives of the research were: 1) analyzing physical properties of the compost (color, odor, shape, texture, temperature, and the day when the compost is ready to be used), 2) analyzing the nutrient content of the compost based on the treatments that include C/N Ratio, phosphor, nitrogen, calcium, potassium, sulfur, magnesium, and pH, 3) finding out quality of the compost resulted from the research by comparing it with the compost standard based on the standard of SNI 19-7030-2004, and 4) measuring the best vegetative growth of chili after being treated. Results of the research showed that 1) the compost is well-done at the 37th day as marked by the physical properties, for instance, loose texture, crushed-shape, brownish black, odorless, and the temperature is stable close to room temperature, 2) Compared to standard of SNI 19-7030-2004, the resulted compost has met the standard for pH H2O, N, P, and K, but it has not met the standard for C Organic and C/N ratio, 3) The growth of chili, the plant height and leaf width, did not show significant difference by the treatment of P0, P1, P2, and P3, but it showed significant difference on number of leaves, leaf length, and diameter. However, P3 is the best treatment based on average value of the increase plant height of 11.40 cm, number of leaves is about 10.75, leaf width of 2.35 cm, leaf length of 0.50 cm, and stem diameter of 3.99 mm.
Citation: Sri N., Humairo A., Fadli Mulyadi, Wartomo, and Jamaluddin (2022) The Composting Technique of Empty Palm Oil Bunches Waste by The Applicaton of Diverse Moles to Increase Quality of Compost and Chili Growth, Global Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol.10, No.5, pp.55-69
Keywords: Chili, MOL, activator, chemical property, compost, physical property