The Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Practices and Outputs in Bayelsa State (Published)
This study examined the impact of climate change on agricultural practices and outputs in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Agriculture in the state, largely dominated by subsistence and smallholder farmers, is highly vulnerable to climate variability due to its dependence on rainfall and the region’s fragile ecosystem. Adopting the use of both primary and secondary sources, this research highlighted how rising temperatures, irregular rainfall patterns, flooding, sea-level rise, and increased salinity intrusion have altered the agricultural landscape of Bayelsa State. The study adopted the Political Ecology Theory as a template of study. It revealed that climatic shifts have disrupted planting and harvesting cycles, reduced soil fertility, and contributed to declining crop yields, fish stock depletion, and post-harvest losses. The study underscored the adaptive strategies (including crop diversification, shifting cultivation, the use of traditional forecasting methods, and migration to less flood-prone areas) employed by farmers to mitigate the effects of climate change in Bayelsa State. The paper established that without coordinated interventions such as climate-resilient agricultural policies, infrastructural support, access to improved seedlings, and sustainable environmental management, Bayelsa’s food security and rural livelihoods will remain at risk. It recommends for the promotion of climate-smart agriculture, strengthening of agricultural extension and early warning systems, and investment in infrastructure and irrigation facilities amongst others. It concludes that the impact of climate change on agricultural practices and outputs in Bayelsa State is both profound and multidimensional, affecting crop production, fishing activities, soil fertility, and the livelihood security of farming communities.
Keywords: Agriculture, Bayelsa State, Climate Change, Diversification, Food Security
Climate Change and Its Impact Worldwide Particularly On Pakistan and Measures to Control Its Effects (Published)
Quantitative and qualitative data analysis shows that revolutionary climate changes have been observed in recent decades in world history. The earth’s temperature is rising to the ever-alarming limits the world is facing the noticeable and direct impacts of climate change in the form of extreme weather events, irregular precipitation, reduction in water resources, formless average temperature trends, other damages to natural ecosystems and human health due to green-house gases and anthropogenic emissions. Pakistan is one of the most affected countries globally. Previous studies confirmed the direct relationship of climate changes with drought, migration, flooding, diseases, poverty, un-equality, agriculture, Land and soil devastation, diseases, gender, and the impeding effect on the economy of Pakistan. Comparative excerpts are highlighted and solutions proffered; highlighting climate change policy objectives (CCPOs) based on symmetric principles, i.e., energy, transport, urban and town planning, industry, and agriculture as criteria, with 17 sub-criteria in total and strategies included.
Keywords: Climate Change, climate change policy adaptation strategies, global warming, impacts on the world economy, influence on Pakistan
Challenges of Climate Change and Industrial Sector Experience: A Review of Evidence from Nigeria (Published)
The world climate pattern has continued to generate serious concern in the recent times especially with the increasing effect of human activities on the global environment. Nigeria, as an integral part of the world also had its own share of the evolving challenges of the climate change phenomenon (such as flood, rising sea level and extreme weather events, drought and excess rainfall, temperature rise and precipitation among others)especially its effect on sensitive agricultural resources and production.Therefore,with relative few studies and dearth of information on climate change activities towards industrial sector especially in Nigeria, the study decided to explore the literature and review various challenges of climate change vis-à-vis the experience of Nigeria’s industrial sector. Based on the reviewed studies, the industrial activities had negative experience with challenges of climate change in Nigeria, with many of the climate-sensitive productive materials and critical infrastructure such as agriculture and coastal resources, pipelines, road networks and power plants among others,(that were agents of industrial production) negatively affected. Hence, this reduces the total output of the sector. However, a comprehensive adaptation process of mitigating the negative effect of climate change on Nigeria’s industrial sector is sacrosanct.
Keywords: Adaptation Measures, Climate Change, Green House gasses, Industrial Sector, Nigeria