Encounters between Islam and Early Modern England (Published)
Islam maintained a sound relationship with early modern England, while the former shared political, diplomatic, commercial, cultural, and religious affairs with the latter. This paper aims at investigating the commercial, cultural and religious affairs encountered by Islam and Elizabethan England. This paper also focuses on the contribution of the Muslim world in building 16th century England. The findings reveal that early modern Britons enjoyed complete freedom to travel to Islamic countries and got business access. The findings also reveal that in the 16th-century Muslim world, people of different religions, including Christianity and Jews, lived harmoniously in a common geographical boundary. In conclusion, Islam played a vital role in building early modern England. Overall, the present Muslim leaders should come forward to redeeming the sweet relationship, once enjoyed by Islam with England, and contributing significantly in re-building the relationship with the West, especially Britain.
Keywords: Cultural, Elizabethan, England, Islam, Politics, Religious, commerce
Role of Education in Transcending Birth and Social Class: A Comparison of Jane Austen’s Mansfield Park and Louisa May Alcott’s An Old Fashioned Girl (Published)
Jane Austen’s novels also known as the novels of manners belonged to the genre of moral-domestic novels that empowered women in the domestic life in the nineteenth century England focusing on the family dynamics in grooming the young adolescent women. Louisa May Alcott was the shining star of domestic fiction written for girls in nineteenth-century America. Domestic fiction also known as sentimental novels were written by women for young adolescent girls which revealed the dominant American culture and society in which they lived. The aim of this paper is to explore the journey of the female protagonists who in their adolescence are not led by temptations of class and wealth but practice the virtue of self-denial in creating an identity on attaining adulthood. In addition, this paper is multidisciplinary n approach in comparing the family and social environment of nineteenth century England and America as described in the novels that is significant to the self-education of the female protagonists
Keywords: America, England, Jane Austen, Louisa May Alcott, nineteenth century