Decoding the Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Parameters: Implications for Disease Manifestations in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Published)
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE; lupus) is a autoimmune disease that mainly affects women of child bearing age. Lupus is characterized by antibodies produced against an individual’s own proteins which are most commonly nuclear antigens. One of the proposed initiating factors include free radical-mediated oxidative stress, which play significant role in the pathogenesis of SLE. Previous studies reported evidence of elevated oxidative stress in the patients with lupus, although results between studies have been inconsistent. Several studies in lupus patients have indicated an imbalance between oxidant and anti-oxidant biomarkers. For example, the balance between the level of the oxidant, malondialdehyde and the antioxidant, superoxide dismutase, were skewed in SLE patients towards oxidant. In addition, excessive free radical levels may also be responsible for development of lupus and free radical-mediated oxidative stress including inflammatory cytokines may also play important roles in its pathogenesis. Further, oxidative stress was reported to be elevated in patients with SLE and also be related to its symptoms. Therefore, it is crucial to first understand, whether or not the parameters of oxidative stress are involved in SLE and second, what is the relationship between oxidant status, and antioxidants parameters in SLE patients. In this review we will systematically examine the relationship between oxidative stress as well as antioxidative parameters and there association to the pathogenesis and progression of SLE.
Keywords: Oxidative stress, antioxidative parameters, autoimmune, systemic lupus erythematosus
PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF GARLIC OIL ALONE OR COMBINED WITH LOW-DOSE GAMMA IRRADIATION ON PARACETAMOL-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS (Published)
We investigated the effect of garlic oil (GO), alone or combined with low dose total body gamma (γ)-irradiation (LDR) against paracetamol (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. GO (100 mg/kg/day) was administered orally for 14 days before hepatotoxicity induction.Animals were irradiated 2 hours before hepatotoxicity induction by peroral APAP (1g/kg) administration, then animals were sacrificed 24 hours later.GO, alone or combined with LDR, ameliorated APAP-induced adverse effects as revealed bythe reduction ofserumliver marker enzymes activities and the histological examination. Hepatic microsomal cytochrome P2E1 activity was also reduced. Changes in hepatic redox balance were significantly attenuated by both treatments. Hepatic hydrogen peroxide was only reduced by LDR. APAP-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptotic effect were also reversed. GO and/or LDR pretreatment, effectively protected against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. Thus, the hepatoprotective effect of GO alone or combined with LDR could be of value in the protective management of APAP-induced hepatic damage
Keywords: Apoptosis, Garlic, Hepatotoxicity, Low Dose (Γ)-Radiation, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Oxidative stress
Possible Ameliorative Role of Low Dose of Radiation Againstcisplatin Induced Oxidative Stress and Tissue Damage Male Rats (Published)
The present study describes antioxidant effect of low dose of radiation against cisplatin induced toxicity in rats. Oxidative stress was induced in rat by a single dose of cisplatin (10 mg/kg body weight I.P), 24 hr post- cisplatin treatment, the animals exposed to 0.3 Gy single dose of gamma ray. The effect of treatments in influencing the oxidative stress as well as biochemical cisplatin changes on brain, kidney and testis were studied. The data showed significant increase in serum urea, creatinine, creatine kinase isoenzymes (CKBB) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) as well as in tissue MDA levels in animals treated with cisplatin while this effects were attenuated by radiation exposure. Moreover, treatment with cisplatin caused a significant decrease in serum testosterone and tissues SOD activities, which was shown to be reversed by low dose of radiation treatment. Treatment with low dose of radiation significantly reduced the oxidative stress effects induced by cisplatin administration. It can be concluded that exposed animals to a low dose of radiation after cisplatin treatment can speed the recovery of the body during the chemotherapeutic treatment.
Keywords: Brain, Cisplatin, Kidneys, Low dose of radiation., Oxidative stress, Testes
The Effect Of Green Tea on Oxidative Stress Level Among Wistar Suplemented By Recycling Canola Oil (Published)
Oxidative stress is involved in aging and many diseases, such as neurodegenerative, psychiatric disorders, and various cancers. Recyling oil contains trans fat (TF), one of sources of oxidative stress induce lipid peroxidation resulting in malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) generation. Green tea has gained considerable attention because of its antioxidant features. This study focuses on the effect of green tea on plasma MDA levels as one of marker for oxidative stress among wistar fed by recycling canola oil. A post test only control group design study using wistar rat. Samples were randomly divided into five groups (n=5 per group). K1 (negative control), K2 was given recycling canola oil and standard diet for 4 weeks, K3 was given green tea and standard diet for 4 weeks, P1 was given green tea and recycling canola oil diet for 4 weeks and P2 was given recycling canola oil diet for 4 weeks then green tea and standard diet for 4 weeks. Blood samples were collected from abdominal aorta to measure plasma MDA levels using modification of TBARS methods as described by Yagi et al.
There is no significant difference between groups on body weight (p=0.310), abdominal circumference (p=0.503) and plasma MDA levels (p=0.398) after giving green tea to wistar fed by standard diet and supplemented by recycling canola oil. We conclude that giving green tea to wistar fed by standard diet and suplemented by recycling canola oil do not influence on body weight, abdominal circumference and plasma MDA levels.
Keywords: Malondialdehyde, Oxidative stress, Trans fat