Can Psychological Capital, Leadership Style, and Environmental Complexity Lower the Company’s Budget Game? (Published)
Budget games almost happen to all companies in this world, be it government companies or private companies. This budget game is very detrimental and can reduce the performance of the company. Therefore, the company must make various efforts so that the budget game does not occur because it is very detrimental. This study will analyze the effect of psychological capital, leadership style, and environmental complexity on budget gaming. This study uses a sample of 125 respondents spread across various types of manufacturing sub-industry in Indonesia. The research method used is verificative research and is explanatory research with an analytical method using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using variance-based analysis techniques, namely Partial Least Square (PLS). The test results show that psychological capital has a negative effect on the gaming budget of -0.339, leadership style has a negative effect on the gaming budget of -0.25, and environmental complexity has a negative effect on the gaming budget of -0.236. This shows that with the existence of psychological capital, leadership style, and environmental complexity in manufacturing companies in Indonesia, it will be able to reduce the occurrence of budget gaming in these companies.
Keywords: Leadership Style, and budget gaming, environmental complexity, psycology capital
The Effect of Leadership and Motivation on Employees Satisfaction: Evidence from Mirpur Division AJ&K in Restaurant Sector (Published)
Governance mechanism has received high attention in previous year and has been a developing for research. This is mainly because of failure of number of firms in different regions. Good governance mechanisms are considered important in aspect of motivation, leadership and independent audit committee to increase the performance with the satisfaction of customers. These factors effect differently in developing and developed countries due to cultural, economic, social issues. The main objective of our research is to understand and determine the effect of governance mechanism on customer satisfaction in Mirpur division AJ&K. Despite the significance of our subject matter no prior research has focus on governance mechanisms in Mirpur division AJ&K. To accomplish the research objectives a quantities method (question was adopted). The questionnaire survey was used to seek the response of governance mechanism in aspect of motivation, leadership and independent audit committee from top level management and response of satisfaction received from customers. The data were analyzed using the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) to obtain quantities measure we use Pearson correlation, Mean, Standard deviation and regression. The finding of results shows that the customer satisfaction has positive relationship with motivation, leadership and independent audit committee. This study’s findings will also be beneficial to firms; government and policy maker as their political, social and economic environment are same.
Keywords: Leadership Style, Motivation, employees’ satisfaction