CURRENT CHANGES IN TAX LEGISLATION: STRATEGIES FOR OPTIMAL COMPLIANCE (Published)
The issues of tax has not been an easy one right from the time immemorial ,tax is very central to the growth of any countries economy in order to ease and facilitate tax collection a number of strategies charges were brought to force with the aim of improving the issue of tax compliance in the country. These strategies for tax legislation were meant to enforce voluntary compliance within the ambit of the law ,simply because these strategies charges was what helped some of the western and Asian countries such as Australia ,United States of America ,United Kingdom , China to achieved a high level of tax compliance level .For instance China has achieved 90 -95 %tax compliance tax compliance level among other examples while the highest in sub Saharan Africa is 72% which is south Africa and others included Kenya 54%, Uganda 56% and Nigeria still below 45%. The sub Saharan African countries come up with tax strategies charges that will ensure maximum compliance. It’s against this background that this paper examines the current charges in tax legislation and strategies for optimal compliance by way of utilizing secondary sources the paper observes that the phenomenon of tax legislation and optimal compliance by the citizens is very central and important to the country’s economy .The paper recommends that in exchange with the compliance of payment of the tax ,social amenities has to be provided to the citizens affordably ,such as electricity ,water supply ,health care services among others
Keywords: Compliance, Strategies., Tax legislation
THE DETERMINATION OF OPERATIONAL AREAS AND STRATEGIES EMPLOYED IN GHANAIAN CORPORATE BANKS’ RESTRUCTURING (Published)
The liberalisation of the financial sector has seen the proliferation of many foreign banks operating in Ghana. With their sophisticated tools and technology, many corporate banks are exited and some adopted strategies to reposition themselves in order to cope with this competition. The formal financial sector in Ghana is made up of about twenty-seven (27) banks such as commercial, merchant and development banks operating about four hundred (400) branches. In contention with these banks are the rural community banks, savings and loan companies and non-bank financial institutions. Among the twenty-seven banks are two corporate (state-owned) banks. The research attempts to determine the areas affected and the strategies adopted by corporate (state-owned) banks in their restructuring program. Agricultural Development Bank, Ghana (ADB) was used as a case for the study. Both probability and non-probability sampling techniques such as purposive and simple random samplings were employed for the selection of the population for the study. There was a combination of the use of primary and secondary sourced data such as questionnaire and interview, and bank’s annual reports respectively for the collection of data for presentation analysis.The findings of the research depicted that additional branches were established to position the bank closer to the customers. There was no layoff in the restructuring but new personnel with expertise were employed to augment the existing workers. It also gave birth to new and innovative banking products and services which could help to capture more customers. The following strategies were adopted during the restructuring by the bank; outsourcing, virtualization and re-engineering
Keywords: Corporate, Operational areas, Strategies.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP: FUNDING AND FINANCING STRATEGIES IN NIGERIA (Published)
The contribution of entrepreneurship in the economic development cannot be over-emphasized nor should be underestimated for any reason as this is already a known fact that it plays a prominent role as a change agent and as a prime mover of economy. In developed, developing or underdeveloped economy, the essence of entrepreneurship is highly significant as this exist in both private and public sectors of any economy. The roles of enterpreurship are worldly acclaimed but yet as laudable as these roles there can be no significant success by any entrepreneur except with availability of finance. Nevertheless, mere availability of finance also cannot guarantee the success of an enterprise but there must be in place appropriate financial strategies for the funding/investment needs of an enterprise. Using secondary data, this paper examine various options of funding/financial entrepreneurs today. It establishes financing alternatives that are best suited to financing needs of small scale enterprises which is clearly differ to that of large scale enterprises.
Keywords: : Enterprises, Entrepreneurship, Finance, Strategies., Success
Entrepreneurship in Nigeria – Funding and Financing Strategies (Published)
The contribution of entrepreneurship in the economic development cannot be over-emphasized nor should be underestimated for any reason as this is already a known fact that it plays a prominent role as a change agent and as a prime mover of economy. In developed, developing or underdeveloped economy, the essence of entrepreneurship is highly significant as this exist in both private and public sectors of any economy. The roles of entrepreneurship are worldly acclaimed but yet as laudable as these roles there can be no significant success by any entrepreneur except with availability of finance. Nevertheless, mere availability of finance also cannot guarantee the success of an enterprise but there must be in place appropriate financial strategies for the funding/investment needs of an enterprise .However, little has been said when it comes to strategies needed to access various sources of finance. Using secondary data, this paper therefore establishes appropriate strategies to obtain funds from sources of finance by both small and medium enterprises.
Keywords: : Enterprises, Entrepreneurship, Finance, Strategies., Success