Green Accounting Practices and Shareholders’ Value of Listed Consumer Goods Companies in Nigeria (Published)
The severity of environmental degradation has its adverse impact on the quality of lives. Measures are being taken both at the national and international level to reduce and mitigate its impact on the environment, social, economic, and political sphere. This study investigated the effect of green accounting practices on shareholders’ value in Nigeria by drawing samples from listed consumer goods firms on the floor of the Nigerian Exchange Group from 2012 to 2021. Ex post facto design was used, secondary data were employed and least square dummy variable regression was used in analyzing the data. A sample size of 20 companies were determined using Tato Yamane formula and these companies were selected using simple random sampling technique. Green accounting being the dependent variable was proxied by biodiversity disclosure, emission disclosure, waste disclosure, water & effluents disclosure, and compliance to environmental laws & regulations disclosure. The dependent variable of this study was shareholders’ value proxied by shareholders’ value added (SHVA). The result showed that biodiversity disclosure and compliance to environmental laws disclosures have a positive significant effect on shareholders’ value added; water & effluents disclosures have a positive significant effect on shareholders’ value added of listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria during the period under study. It was thus concluded that green accounting practices have significant effect on shareholders’ value added of manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Therefore, it was recommended among others that compliance to green accounting practices should be made mandatory for all companies because standard green accounting disclosures are signals to all stakeholders that the companies are ‘green’ and eco- friendly companies and this in turn boost shareholders value.
Keywords: Companies, Nigeria, green accounting practices, listed consumer goods, shareholders’ value
Liquidity Management and Gross Earnings of Insurance Firms in Nigeria (Published)
The study appraised liquidity management and gross earnings of insurance firms in Nigeria. During the Covid-19 period, insurance firms were faced with the financial responsibility of indemnifying the numerous risks suffered by policy holders. To do so effectively, they need to be liquid enough so as to meet such indemnity demands as at when due. This affects their investment. Hence the study examines liquidity and gross earnings of insurance firms in Nigeria. Current ratio, cash ratio, and operating cash flow ratio is the independent variables of the study, while the dependent variable is profit for the year. The study adopted an ex-post-facto research design, covering the period between 2011 and 2020. Secondary data were extracted from the annual report and accounts of the sampled insurance companies. The correlation technique was used for the data analysis. In line with the specific objectives of the study which was to examine the relationship between current ratio, cash ratio, and operating cash flow ratio and profit for the year of insurance firms in Nigeria, it was revealed that current ratio has a positive and strong relationship with profit for the year of firms in Nigeria insurance subsector. Cash ratio has a negative and weak relationship with profit for the year of firms in Nigeria insurance subsector. The operating cash flow ratio has a positive and weak relationship with profit for the year of firms in the Nigeria insurance subsector. This implies that an increase in current ratio results in a significant increase in profit for the year of insurance firms in Nigeria. It is recommended therefore that insurance firms in Nigeria should strive to improve their current ratio. They can do this by reducing the personal draw on the business and by reducing the personal drawings on the business. They should reduce their propensity to hold cash. They should balance the trade-off between cash holding and profitable investment. They should make profitable investments and ensure that their liabilities are settled on time. Insurance firms should devise strategies to improve the cash they generate from operating activities. They can do this by improving their inventory, introducing electronic payments, etc.
Keywords: Liquidity Management, Nigeria, Profit for the year, cash ratio, current ratio, insurance firms, operating cash flow ratio, shareholders’ value