Intellectual Capital as an essential component of the managing Human Resource Accounting: An Argumentative Review (Published)
Intellectual Capital (IC) and Human Resource Accounting (HRA), recognized as intangible assets, have gained prominence due to a multitude of factors such as globalization, sustainability initiatives, significant technological progress associated with the advent of novel information technologies, the consolidation of a unified global marketplace, and the rise of innovation and competition among emerging economies. Through a comprehensive argumentative literature review, this article aims to highlight the importance attributed to intellectual capital within the contemporary economic context of Albania. Qualitative findings suggest that, as a nation in the process of economic emergence, Albania endeavors to uphold competitive standards, notwithstanding the absence of a direct assessment of its human and intellectual capital within its organizational structures and economic policies. In conclusion, it is advisable to draft policy frameworks that promote knowledge-based investments and enhance the development of intellectual capitals within Albanian institutions.
Keywords: Human Resource Accounting, Intangible Assets, Intellectual Capital, Knowledge, know-how building
HRA Practices: An Indian Panorama (Published)
Despite the importance of human resources to the prosperity of corporate cannot be denied in corporate pronouncements, but excepting a few cases, it does not find proper place in the traditional accounting practices prevalent in India mainly due to insufficiency of their quantification. In a developing country like India with abundant human resources, paying inadequate attention and keeping their contribution outside the financial status of corporate sector evidence the lack of transparency in books of accounts. With the advent of scientific management with emphasis on quantitative methodology to make rational use of all resources, this paper makes an attempt to examine the scope of HRA or Human Resource Accounting practices as well as its usefulness in decision making for the management of corporate sector in India. Reviewing human resource accounting leads to furtherance of human resources development.
Keywords: Corporate, Human Resource Accounting, Human resource, financial status, traditional accounting
THE IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCE ACCOUNTING ON THE PROFITABILITY OF A FIRM: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM ACCESS BANK OF NIGERIA PLC (Published)
The crux of the study was to examine the impact of human resource accounting on the profitability of Access Bank of Nigeria Plc, from 2003 to 2012. Using the ordinary least square analytical technique, secondary data from Access Bank of Nigeria Plc were obtained. Findings revealed that there is a positive relationship between the indicators of human resource cost (training cost, development cost and number of staff) and the profit of the organization (Access Bank Plc). It was also discovered that there was a significant relationship between training cost, development cost and the profit of the bank. However, the number of staff does not have a significant effect on profit of the bank. Nonetheless, organizational performance is dependent upon the performance of the individuals that make up the organization. That is, organization does not exist in a vacuum; there are people (employees) who may work together towards achieving its goal. It was therefore recommended inter alia that; organization should enhance the retention of education and training on staff so as to avert wastage of knowledgeable investment. Also, accounting standard board should incorporate their accounting standard for the valuation and disclosure of human resource accounting.
Keywords: Development costs, Human Resource Accounting, Profitability, Staff training costs, number of staff