Women

Sexual Violence Against Women and Girls: Prevention and Response for The Elimination in Ekiti State, Nigeria (Published)

Sexual violence against women and girls appears rampant in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Reports of instances of rape and sexual abuse on women and girls including incest are on the increase despite several actions taken by the State and other stakeholders against the act. The study investigated sexual violence against women and girls, prevention measures and response for its elimination in the State. The researcher used both quantitative and qualitative research designs for the study. Information was obtained using both primary and secondary sources. Questionnaire was completed by one hundred and sixty (160) female and male respondents drawn from the State including Non-Governmental Organisations whose focus was on sexual violence. Key informants’ guides were used to interview some sexual violence duty bearers. Data obtained for the study were analysed using frequency counts and percentage scores. The study showed that there was a high prevalence of sexual violence against women and girls in Ekiti State. The findings also indicated that Government had responded positively towards elimination of sexual violence in the State through enacting appropriate laws against offenders and perpetrators caught were fined, jailed or shamed. The study revealed that cases of sexual violence were increasingly reported in the State as against low reportage recorded in the past. Government also made frantic efforts towards prevention of sexual violence against women and girls by establishing a Management Committee comprising relevant stakeholders to check all forms of sexual violence in the State. However, the study discovered that cases of sexual violence against women and girls were still common. The study therefore, recommended that the laws against all forms of sexual violence against women and girls should be effectively implemented in order to completely eliminate the menace in Ekiti State.

Keywords: Girls, Prevalence, Prevention, Response, Sexual violence, Women, elimination

Case Study on the Importance of Sexual Satisfaction in Married Women with Children (Published)

The purpose of this case study is to analyze the importance of sexual satisfaction of four married women with children. The indicators for the study were age, years of marriage, number and level of coexistence with children. A semi-structured interview was carried out where the original question was: Do you feel satisfied with your sexual life? According to the response obtained, subsequent questions are triggered, these are oriented towards your sexual life. The women interviewed relate satisfaction to the respect, trust and communication they have during the sexual act, but they point out that there are factors that affect it, such as the activities they do with their children, home, work and husband, within the development of The research detected a misconception about sexual pleasure and this is due to limited sexuality due to lack of privacy, daily life and parenting. Finally, reference is made to the importance of education and sexual health and emphasizing the benefits they have on a physical, psychological and social level, exalting the skills of the nursing professional in terms of the promotion and comprehensive care of the individual, focused on sexuality and respecting its integrity.

 

Keywords: Women, children, husband, sexual satisfaction

The Attitude of Married Men and Women towards Family Planning Practices in Ekiti State, Nigeria (Published)

The study investigated attitude of married men and women towards family planning practices and the relationship between attitude and family planning practices in Ekiti State. Descriptive research of the survey design was used. The population for the study included all the married men and women in the 16 local Government Areas of Ekiti State. With the use of multistage sample procedure, a total of 1200 respondents were selected from the 16 local Government Areas of Ekiti State. A self-designed instrument was used for the study. The instrument was titled “Knowledge, Attitude and Family Planning Practices Questionnaire” (KAFPPQ). The instrument was validated by the researcher’s supervisor and experts in the field of English Language, Guidance and Counselling and Tests, Measurement and Evaluation. Split-half reliability method was used to ascertain the reliability of the instrument. A reliability coefficient of 0.82 was obtained and this is high enough to judge the instrument reliable. The instrument was administered by the researcher and trained research assistants in the Local Government Areas selected. The data generated were analysed using frequency counts, percentages and correlation analysis. It was discovered from the study that the attitude of married men and women towards family planning practices in Ekiti state is positive. The result further shows no significant relationship between attitude and family planning practices among married men and women in Ekiti State. The result showed significant relationship between religion and attitude towards family planning practice among married men and women in Ekiti State. Based on the findings of this study, it was concluded that the attitude of married men and women towards family planning practices in Ekiti state is positive. It was recommended that Nigeria government should encourage the establishment of daycare centres within public and private service areas so that married men and women will have the convenience of going to get contraceptives.

Keywords: Family Planning, Married Men, Women, attitude, practice

Socio-Economic and Political Context of Domestic Violence in Ghana (Published)

This study examined the prevalence of domestic violence in the socio-economic and political context in Ghana. The study conveniently sampled 200 women within Kumasi metropolis as participants. Data for the study came from both primary and secondary sources. Structured questionnaires were face-to-face administered to the respondents. The data were analyzed with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for windows. The study revealed that the prevalence of Cultural factors had been agreed by respondents as scourge of domestic violence. Acceptability of violence as means to resolve conflict (M=4.7), bride price and dowry (M=4.2), Cultural definitions of appropriate sex roles (M=4.25), Belief in the inherent superiority of males (M=4.3). Prevalence of economic factors were agreed by respondents as follows: Women’s economic dependence on men (M=5.0) limited access to employment in formal and informal sectors (4.26) discriminatory laws regarding inheritance, property rights, use of communal lands (4.2). Prevalence of Political factors were agreed by respondents as follows: Under-representation of women in power, politics, media and in the legal and medical profession (M=4.17), Risk of challenge to status-quo/religious laws (M=4.35). Legal factors included: laws regarding divorce, child custody, maintenance and inheritance (M=4.31) insensitive treatment of women and girls by police and judiciary (M=4.91). More than halve of the respondents indicated that they have even been assaulted by men. The study revealed a significant association between ever been assaulted and employment status (X²=76.9, p-value<0.05, df =6). Again there is a significant relationship between ever been assaulted and education attainment (X²=35.25, p-value<0.05, df =8). There are relationship between females ever been assaulted and age X²=21.13, p-value<0.05, df =8). Policy intervention and reinforcement of the existing legislation is imperative in the civility of these findings.

Keywords: Domestic Violence, Ghana, Political, Prevalence, Socio-Economic, Women

The Sins and the Punishments: Towards the Incidence of Domestic Violence and Its Extenuating Circumstances in Ghana (Published)

This paper was carried out to examine the prevalence of domestic violence and possible extenuating circumstance in the Kintampo South District of Ghana. The target population of the study was predominately women. 200 of these women were selected purposively to participate in the study. Structured questionnaires were used to gather primary data. Secondary data were obtained from academic research data bases including EBSCO, Google Scholar and Cross-Ref. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze the field data. Respondent’s participations were purely voluntary. The study revealed forms of domestic violence as follows: Rape, Torture, Molestation, Battering, Forced Labor, and feticide. Extenuating Circumstances were discovered as follows: Medical response, Counseling Law enforcement, Public education, Media blitz, Role of Gender Activists and psychologist. Also it was found that there is a significant (X² = 98.19, df = 8, p-value < 0.05) association between women educational level and rape experience. Moreover, the study revealed a significant association between women age and rape experience. Again, there is a significant (df = 16, X² = 248.14, p-value<0.05) association between women educational level and force marriage experience. There is a significant association between women age and forced marriage experience. It is concluded that nobody should ever think that the blight of domestic violence is over neither in Ghana nor many other developing countries. The domestic violence scourger still lives. The proposed extenuating measures should be taken serious by policy maker to avert the situation. Development psychologists are also needed to aid behavioural studies.

Keywords: Domestic Violence, Extenuating Circumstances, Ghana, Incidence, Women

Subtlety of Tears: Theatrical Exploration of Women’s Psychological Battle with Domestic Violence (Published)

The average African girl grows into a woman knowing that she must get married. When she eventually does, she must do all that is in her powers to make her marriage work. She has to submit, obey, make sacrifices and above all, endure even the meanest form of brutality just to prove to the people that her marriage is working as well as other people’s. The fact that she is going through hell notwithstanding, little is to be known to the public of the true cause of the bruises she explains off as accidents, of the heartaches she covers with mere fatigue, of the tears she blames on onions. This paper examines the dramatic exploration of the emotional, physical and psychological battle women are engaged in in their various homes. Using the text, Onions Make Us Cry, this paper will critically explore how much women struggle in silence while trying not to wash their dirty linen in public and how eventually, these bottled up grievances usually lead to psychosis and even insanity; both psychological imbalances which, although mild in most cases, could birth very serious domestic violence in exceptional ones. While exploring this, the paper advocates for a speak-out; a situation where such women confide in someone in order to ease off accumulated aggression and/or grievance

Keywords: Battle, Domestic Violence, Psychological Battle, Women