Risk Factors Associated in Breast Cancer Patients Mexico 2023 (Published)
Breast cancer is a global problem, with many new cases recorded annually with a significant number of deaths, although prevention plays an important role in the benefits thanks to the Early Detection of cancer. An important factor related to breast cancer survival is the time in which the diagnosis is made. The objective of the study is to determine the risk factors associated with breast cancer in two ISSSTE units. Epidemiological study of cases and controls, analytical, observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, carried out in women with and without breast cancer who attended the Clinic Hospital ISSSTE Coatzacoalcos and the Clinic Hospital ISSSTE Ciudad de México in the years 2021 and first semester of 2022. To calculate the sample size, the Schelesselman tables were used. Data were analyzed and descriptive statistics were used and the odds ratio was calculated. 50 cases and 30 controls with a mean of 52.29 years of age with a deviation of ± 9.83 for the cases and 42.81 (DE ±11.01) for the controls were studied. The age in the patients with breast cancer yielded an odds ratio (OR) equal to 5.75 (95% CI), a hereditary family history of breast cancer in 88% of cases, and the oldest age at first pregnancy was 34 years. Lifestyle with sedentary lifestyle and with BMI of obesity in 70% of both cases and controls. Only 52% of the patients with breast cancer breastfed and in the controls 43.33% breastfed. The results suggest that age and lifestyle can influence the evolution of cancer as well as family history, but in this case 88% of patients in the cases did not have a family history of cancer against the control cases that all had a history of cancer. Relatives of cancer and do not have the disease.
Keywords: Breast cancer, Risk Factors, histological types, traditional parameters
The Informal Caregiver of an Old Family Member (Published)
The objective of this research was to analyze the risk and protective factors present in the informal caregiver of an old relative, in two families of the Municipality of Hecelchakán, of the State of Campeche. The method used was carried out using a qualitative approach of an exploratory nature. The sample consisted of 2 families (main caregiver) of the municipality of Hecelchakán. An interview was applied where the following items were considered: family, economic, social, health and emotional. The results obtained from this project indicate that among the risk factors is the family area, with little or no support in the care of the elderly, likewise the health factor of the people involved undoubtedly affects their well-being. The protective role is given by the society in which they are immersed and the love they feel for who is in their care. As conclusions we can say that the primary caregiver should have help and try to distribute the work more equitably, the secondary caregiver should also be involved in the care of the old relative. The main recommendations are to activate care programs for informal caregivers and to carry out more research about the informal caregiver
Keywords: Caregiver, Elderly, Informal Caregiver, Protective Factors, Risk Factors