Entrepreneurship Development In Cameroon: An Analysis of The Characteristics of Cameroonian Entrepreneurs (Published)
The main objective of this study is to describe the characteristics of Cameroonian entrepreneurs. Using a descriptive research design, the study collected 150 questionnaires through the purposive and referral (snowball) sampling techniques. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse and present collected data. The result of the study reveals that most Cameroonian entrepreneurs are dominantly Optimistic in nature and have a fighting spirit to see that their ventures survive and grow in the midst of the many challenges that surround them such as disturbance from local council agents and taxation agents, high taxes, inflation, the socio-political crisis, unsafety, power outages, lack of subventions, bad roads. They are also hardworking, generous, trustworthy, gentlemanly, sceptical, ambitious, risk bearers, confident, customer service providers, determined, discrete, dynamic, focused, goal getters, innovative, motivated, profit conscious, realistic, self-confident, strategic, time conscious, visionary. It can also be concluded that the majority of entrepreneurs in Cameroon are below forty-two (42) years, they are mostly male, married, have at least a Bachelor degree, schooled in government schools, are not very bold about their political affiliations and are not very inclined to the practice of their traditions.
Keywords: Competencies, Entrepreneur, Growth, characteristics of entrepreneurs, small businesses
Causes of Small Businesses’ Failure: An Exploratory Study within Jeddah’s Governorate in Saudi Arabia (Published)
This study aims to highlight some of the reasons for the failure of small businesses, such as unemployment among Saudi nationals, reliance on expatriate labor, the absence of a regulatory framework, and difficulties in the funding of some financial institutions. Thus, the objectives of the study are: to highlight the important role that small businesses represent in the Saudi economy, to find appropriate solutions for the failure of small business, to create a framework to support the small business, and find financing mechanisms for small business. To achieve the overall objective of the study, a field study was conducted with owners of small businesses within Jeddah’s governorate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A purpose-designed questionnaire was prepared and sent to participating businessmen. The data gathered from those questionnaires was compiled and statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics® software package. After pilot testing, a questionnaire was sent to 130 businessmen with 100 completed questionnaires returned (approximately 77%). Data was analyzed by the researcher using frequencies, percentages and Chi- square calculations. The results of the study indicated that poor management, a lack of bank loans and workers training were the most important reasons for failure. The study contains five sections, section I: Introduction to the study and previous studies. Section II: The importance of small projects and the most important contemporary problems and challenges. Section III: Analysis of results of the study. Section V: Conclusions and recommendations. In light of the results of this study, the researcher provided recommendations in order to highlight the factors that lead to, either the failure or success of small businesses.
Keywords: Failure Causes, Financing, Jeddah, SMEs, small businesses
Causes of Small Businesses’ Failure: An Exploratory Study within Jeddah’s Governorate in Saudi Arabia (Published)
This study aims to highlight some of the reasons for the failure of small businesses, such as unemployment among Saudi nationals, reliance on expatriate labor, the absence of a regulatory framework, and difficulties in the funding of some financial institutions. Thus, the objectives of the study are: to highlight the important role that small businesses represent in the Saudi economy, to find appropriate solutions for the failure of small business, to create a framework to support the small business, and find financing mechanisms for small business. To achieve the overall objective of the study, a field study was conducted with owners of small businesses within Jeddah’s governorate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A purpose-designed questionnaire was prepared and sent to participating businessmen. The data gathered from those questionnaires was compiled and statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics® software package. After pilot testing, a questionnaire was sent to 130 businessmen with 100 completed questionnaires returned (approximately 77%). Data was analyzed by the researcher using frequencies, percentages and Chi- square calculations. The results of the study indicated that poor management, a lack of bank loans and workers training were the most important reasons for failure. The study contains five sections, section I: Introduction to the study and previous studies. Section II: The importance of small projects and the most important contemporary problems and challenges. Section III: Analysis of results of the study. Section V: Conclusions and recommendations. In light of the results of this study, the researcher provided recommendations in order to highlight the factors that lead to, either the failure or success of small businesses.
Keywords: Failure Causes, Financing, Jeddah, SMEs, small businesses
ENTREPRENEURIAL PERFORMANCE AND SMALL BUSINESS ENTERPRISES IN UGANDA (Published)
Globally, many scholars view entrepreneurship as important to small business enterprises (SMEs) in general because it is critical to development. Small business development is of key concern in Uganda, because SMEs dominate the Ugandan economy. However, the entrepreneurial performance is very low; it is therefore in the interest of the country to increase performance of these enterprises. This paper develops a conceptual model to test how to increase entrepreneurial performance among small business enterprises in Uganda: Data was collected by means of personal interviews, approximately 2000 face-to-face interviews with the entrepreneurs. Results indicated that entrepreneurship capital, entrepreneurial knowledge and entrepreneurial capacity have significant implications for entrepreneurial performance.
Keywords: Entrepreneurial Capacity and Knowledge, Entrepreneurial Performance, Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurship Capital, Uganda, small businesses