The elimination of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV remains a major public health priority in sub-Saharan Africa, where socio-cultural and systemic barriers limit the effectiveness of prevention interventions. Male partner involvement (MPI) in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programmes has emerged as a critical strategy to improve maternal and infant health outcomes. This study examined the role of male partners in enhancing PMTCT services in Nigeria, highlighting the socio-cultural, behavioural, and systemic factors influencing their participation. Using a narrative review methodology, peer-reviewed articles, reports, and grey literature published between 2010 and 2024 were systematically analysed. Findings indicate that active male engagement through HIV testing, antenatal clinic attendance, financial and emotional support, and encouragement of ART adherence significantly reduces perinatal HIV transmission, improves retention in care, and promotes holistic family well-being. Socio-cultural norms, stigma, gendered perceptions of reproductive health, limited awareness, and health system constraints were identified as major barriers to MPI. Evidence further suggests that culturally sensitive interventions, community education campaigns, male-friendly clinics, and the involvement of traditional and religious leaders enhance male participation. Overall, male partner involvement not only strengthens biomedical interventions but also addresses behavioural and social determinants critical for the success of PMTCT programmes. This review underscores the necessity of integrating men into maternal and child health initiatives as a transformative approach to reduce vertical HIV transmission, improve ART adherence, and foster shared responsibility within households, ultimately contributing to national and global HIV elimination goals.
Keywords: Child health, HIV/AIDS, Male Partner Involvement (MPI), Maternal, Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT), Socio-cultural factors
