Risk Factors

Assessment of the Knowledge of Risk Factors Associated with Heart Diseases among Women of Reproductive Age in Nigeria (Published)

Many women are unaware that coronary heart disease is one of the leading causes of mortality. Instead, breast cancer is their greatest dread. Worryingly, healthcare practitioners seem to lack fundamental understanding regarding cardiovascular disease among women. Women are normally 10 years older than males when heart disease is found, and they are 20 years older when they suffer their first myocardial infarction. Because coronary heart disease is more frequent in elderly women, many believe that postponing the process of decreasing their risk will be postponed. The aim of this study is to assess knowledge of risk factors associated with heart diseases among women of reproductive age in Nigeria. The study was cross sectional study design. Data were collected using self-administered structured questionnaire, and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 and presented using appropriate tables. Level of significance set at P<0.05. The findings from this study shows a significant association with overall knowledge of the respondents on health related issues at (χ²=23.173, p=0.000) and (χ²=18.260, p=0.000) respectively as p<0.05 in each case and non-significant association with age and religion, economic status and occupation at (χ²=1.158, p=0.561) , (χ²=2.689, p=0.101)  (χ²=1.417, p=0.841) and (χ²=7.276, p=0.064) respectively of the respondents as p<0.05. Overall, the respondents participated in this study have a good knowledge and awareness of the risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease and warning features of CVD events.  Community education on CVDs, targeting especially populations with low socio-economic status, may be beneficial in the combined efforts to achieve the reductions in heart attacks.

Keywords: Risk Factors, awareness, heart disease

Demographic Differences in the Knowledge of Breast Cancer among Women in Ebonyi State, Nigeria (Published)

Breast cancer is the most common of all cancers and is the leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide, a condition that may be predicated upon by lack of knowledge about fundamental regimen necessary for cancer prevention. The study was therefore designed to determine demographic differences in the knowledge of breast cancer among women in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The sample of the study comprised 1,845 women drawn through the multistage sampling procedure. A 40-item questionnaire was used to elicit information on knowledge symptoms, risk factors, prevention methods and treatment options of cancer. Descriptive statistic of percentage was used to answer the research question and inferential statistic of chi-square was used to test the entire hypotheses formulated for the study at an alpha level of 0.05. Knowledge of breast cancer was found to be on the average (48.72%); differed by age with younger women (35-44years 56.43%) reporting higher knowledge of breast cancer than the older ones (45-54 years 46.03%); women with post-secondary education (67.66%) had higher knowledge than those with secondary (60.16%), primary (49.03%) and non-formal education (39.01%); urban women (55.61%) were more knowledgeable than rural women (47.81%). Chi-square analysis indicated that significant association existed between level of education and knowledge of breast cancer. However, no significant association was found between age and location of residence. It was concluded that breast cancer knowledge of women in Ebonyi State is on the average and associated significantly with education, but not with age and location of residence of the women. Consequently, it is recommended that breast cancer education should be used to improve the women’s knowledge of the disease, especially for those with non-formal education, older women and those in the rural areas through interventions by government and non-governmental agencies and through curriculum revision for schools

Keywords: Age, Breast cancer, Education, Knowledge, Location, Risk Factors, Women