National Interest and Warfare Ecosystem 1: Global Balance-of-Power Strategies (Published)
Creating an institutional framework on a global scale to understand balance-of-power strategies is the crux of foreign policy today with United States superpower exceptionalism. ‘Altercating’ defence, diplomacy and development encapsulate the United States foreign policy in relation to national interests globally. Role theory applied in comparing the United States and Chinese grand strategies as case studies. The United States superpower statecraft’s clarity help superimposed any form of countervailing alliances globally; while China’s sociological pragmatist role currently could change based on ‘Power Transition Theory’ for hegemony power. Beijing is pursuing a grand strategy that combines both ‘internal balancing’ and external ‘soft balancing’, encapsulated as ‘warfare ecosystem construct’ as countervailing alliances for balance-of-power strategies with development of ‘Economic Corridors’ in East Asia ; and the United States ‘Globalization Agenda’ both executed as ‘mechanisms of power’ date back to their ‘hegemonic histories’ with adaptive construct for national interests.
Keywords: China, Foreign Policy, GVAR model, Liberalism, Realism, United States, grand strategy, national interest, pragmatism, spatial polysingularity, warfare ecosystem
National Interest and Warfare Ecosystem 2: Wicked Problems Framework and Policy Development (Published)
The pursuit of the national interest is closely linked to geography, strategy and contexts specific in foreign policy, anchoring remains significant and spatial to the Nation’s production possibility frontier with empirical case studies of China and the United States of America. Foreign policy solutions ‘desired outcome’ are in ‘the continuum’ termed poly singularity. Public value theory, Kingdon’s multiple streams approach and Baumgartner and Jones’s punctuated equilibrium theory (PET) was applied as critical thinking to captures decision constructive process of national interest with focus on value streams for stakeholders with the contexts specific situation illuminated as spatial polysingularity construct in framework. China’s ‘Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)’ Project altercasting as liberalist and realist for global economic and militarily power in East Asia. The United States energy interests drives its ‘Globalization Agenda and market economies’ globally. A new superpower crucible framework with win-win national interest’s scenario termed ‘warfare ecosystem’ postulated.
Keywords: Foreign Policy, Policy Development, globalization 4.0, national interest, public value theory, spatial polysingularity, warfare ecosystem and wicked problems framework.