Measures of the Determinants of Demand for Personal Healthcare Services Delivery in Nigeria (Published)
This study sought to assess the relationship between the determinants of demand for personal healthcare services delivery in Nigeria. The main objective of the study was to assess the determinants of demand for personal healthcare services delivery in Nigeria. The specific objectives were to examine the relationship between literacy; income; environmental factors, government and private expenditures on health in Nigeria. Specifically, the study is a descriptive statistics research with the use of secondary sources of data from the World Health Development Indicators (WDI) and Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) bullettins. The study adopted Pooled Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression model and Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL). The analysis was based on annual time series data for the period of 1990 to 2023. The result revealed that literacy rate has a significant negative relationship with demand for personal healthcare services in Nigeria, which implies that literacy rate in Nigeria directly contributed to the decline of private demand for personal healthcare services over time. The study also observed that per capita income has a significant positive relationship with demand for personal healthcare services, which means that a rise in income levels increases demand for private health expenditure in Nigeria. Moreso, the study found that there is actually no significant relationship between environmental factor and demand for personal healthcare services in Nigeria. Finally, the study shows that government expenditure on health significantly reduces demand for personal healthcare services in Nigeria. Therefore, government health expenditure is a substitution for private health expenditure in Nigeria over time. It concludes that demand for personal healthcare services requires a deep evaluation of public health investments, economic growth policies and educational reforms. It suggested that there is the need to focus on health promotion campaigns at all levels of governance in Nigeria, and however, policies that combine literacy initiatives with health promotion campaigns can both improve demand for quality healthcare services at the private level and also ensure healthier lifestyles and preventive care.
Keywords: Demand, Environmental Factors, HealthCare Services, Healthcare, Income, Inflation, Literacy, delivery, government expenditures, personal services, private expenditure
Age, Income, and Medico-Obstetric History as Predictors of Anxiety and Psychological Well-Being among Pregnant Women in Ibadan (Published)
The objective of the study is to examined age, income, and medico-obstetric history as predictors of anxiety and psychological well-being among pregnant women in the third trimester. The participants involved 92 pregnant women with the mean age of 29.61 years (S.D. = 4.42, range = 19.42 years). The study employed one-way factorial design. The state anxiety inventory (STAI), and the general psychological well-being questionnaire were the instruments used. The result of the analysis using anova, and independent t-test showed that the older pregnant women would experience lesser anxiety than the younger women (t = 3.68, df = 90; P <. 05). The psychological well-being of older pregnant women will be higher than younger pregnant women (t =2.06; df = 74; P <.05). Higher income earners exhibited lesser anxiety than lower income earners (F-test = 4.951; df = 91; P <.0091). Higher income earners showed more psychological stable than the lower income earners (F- test = 5.867, df = 75, P<.0043). And that the psychological wellbeing of pregnant women with poorer medico-obstetric history was lesser than those without medico-obstetric history (t = 2.636, df = 80; p <.05). Further studies could investigate women from an entire different culture.
Keywords: Age, Anxiety, Income, Psychological well-being, medico-obstetric, pregnancy