Religious Philosophy of Tipu Sultan (Published)
The religious philosophy of Tipu Sultan has not been examined in a truthful and objective manner by the historians who have developed caste based prejudices in India. Tipu was a great patron of Hindu religion and provided financial assistance to several Hindu and other religious institutions and activities. He recruited a good number of Hindu officials to manage the revenue, defence and other branches of administration. He carried out the administration of Mysore state with due respect to nationalism and secularism. Several Hindu scholars have observed that Tipu had endeavored his best for the unity of the Muslims and the Hindus. He had used the state power for social reforms. He carried out social reformation on the basis of humanity and rationality. There are several historical evidences which prove that Tipu had tolerated the practice of Hindu religion within his own territory and became popular with all his subjects. Tipu’s religious policy assumes great significance in the present times since the ruling class has posed series of threats to secularism, pluralism, humanism and other values of life.
Keywords: Humanism, Philosophy, Pluralism, Religious, Secularism
Why Secularism Failed to Become an Arab Socio-Political Culture? (Published)
The idea of “secularism” is still rejected within the Arab cognitive structure at the level of intellectual, social and political construction. So far, Arab secularists have failed to find popular acceptance for secularism within the Arab cultural- religious structure and socio political sphere. As a result, traditional religious discourse and values still dominate minds!! The purpose of this study is to discuss, analyze and explain why secularism has not become the culture and political ideology of the Arab peoples and governments. The researcher assumes that the reasons are due to: the neglect of the cultural factor by the Arab secularists, the marriage of Arab nationalism and religion, the emergence of political Islam’s movements, and the nature of Islamic religion that rejects reform. Therefore, the researcher recommends that, there is a pressing need for reproducing Arabs prevailing traditional culture by promoting, a civil culture that privatize religion and separates it from politics and state affairs
Keywords: Arabs, Islam, Reform, Religion., Secularism, history