The Effect of Anadara Granosa Shell Waste as a Filler and a Coarse Aggregate Subtitution on the Mechanical Properties of Normal Concrete (Published)
The amount of stone mining as a natural resource is decrease, innovation for concrete needed to making a concrete. Anadara granosa shell waste can be used as an alternative material that can be optimally utilized to make concrete. Anadara granosa shell waste itself contains calcium which can be used as a concrete mixture. It is possible that the waste shells can be used as a substitute for gravel in concrete and as a cement filler. To analyze the effect of Anadara granosa shell waste in concrete, a cylindrical specimen was made with a diameter of 15 cm and a height of 30 cm. Mechanical tests on normal concrete include compressive strength, modulus of elasticity and split tensile strength. The percentage of gravel substitute is 0%, 1.5%, 2%, 3%, 3.5% of the weight of the gravel and the percentage of cement filler is 0%, 1%, 3%, 6%, 9% of the weight of cement. The compressive strength of the concrete plan is 30 MPa. The result of this research is that when the Anadara granosa shell waste is used at the ideal percentage, the concrete will experience an increase in the concrete’s mechanical properties. The percentage of gravel substitute is 1.5% by weight of gravel and cement filler is 1% of cement weight, resulting in compressive strength of 37.37 MPa, modulus of elasticity of 28720.44 and split tensile strength of 2.95 MPa where these results exceed compressive strength. Normal concrete and the compressive strength of a predetermined plan. If the percentage of shellfish waste is greater, the mechanical properties of the resulting concrete will decrease. The results show that the mechanical properties of concrete are interrelated where the higher the compressive strength, the higher the modulus of elasticity and tensile strength.
Keywords: Compressive Strength, Concrete, Filler, Mechanical Properties, shell waste
Appraisal of Concrete Using Modified Waste Tyre Rubber Chips as Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate (Published)
Over dependence on natural aggregate used in concrete production poses a serious challenge on environment, and the need to preserve natural resources emerge as growing concern for protecting the environment. Waste tyre accumulation and disposal serves as a potential threat to the environment, for instance, tyre landfills serves as a breeding ground for mosquitoes, pollution to land, water and air. Several researches carried out using chipped rubber in concrete shown a significant reduction in the mechanical strength of the resulting concrete. This research work aimed at using modified waste rubber tyre aggregate in concrete production. Coarse aggregate was replaced with modified waste tyre rubber at 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% by volume of coarse aggregate. The physical properties of fresh and hardened concrete such as slump, compacting factor and density, compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strength were examined. The slumps result shows a decreased with an increased in chipped rubber contents (36.73%-44.90%). The density decreased with an increased in chipped rubber contents. The resulting decreased are (2.54%-9.68%). The compressive strength of the MCR10 showed a significant increased in strength which resulted in 25.0 N/mm2 (24.54%) when compared to unmodified series at 10% (CR10) and (4.33%) decreased compared to the control mix. An increased in splitting and flexural strength was recorded at MCR10 which were 1.8 N/mm2 and 5.9 N/mm2 (24.05%-27%) respectively. It was concluded that incorporating modified waste tyre aggregate in concrete shows a significant increase in mechanical strengths of rubber chips concrete compared with unmodified rubber chips concrete.
Keywords: Aggregate, Coarse, Concrete, Rubber., Slumps, Tyre