Evaluation of the Potency of Some Medicinal Plants and Some Common Antibiotics on Bacteria Isolated from Otitis Media Effusion (Published)
Otitis media is a common childhood disease and it is associated with microbial pathogens within the middle ear. This aim of this study was to identify bacterial isolates associated with Otitis media effusions, determine their susceptibility to antibiotics and plants extracts of Ficus exasperata, Securinega virosa, and Tamarindus indica, as well as determine the MIC and MBC of the plants extracts on the bacteria isolated. A total of 48 samples of Otitis media effusion were collected from 28 males (58.33%) and 20 females (41.67%) at the out-patient department of Sacred Heart hospital, Abeokuta, Nigeria from February 2017 to September 2017 for bacteriological analysis. Bacteria isolated were identified according to Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, (2006) while their antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out using Disc Diffusion method. Children below the age of 5 years had the highest occurrence rate (83.33%) with the disease. Bacteria isolated include Staphylococcus aureus 19 (39.58%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 15 (31.25%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 10 (20.83%), Proteus mirabilis 3 (6.25%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae 1 (2.08%). Antibiotic sensitivity test against gram positive isolates showed that Staphylococcus aureus was most resistant to Gentamicin (10mcg), Ofloxacin (5mcg), Ciprofloxacin (10mcg), Chloramphenicol (30mcg) and Streptomycin (25mcg), unlike Streptococcus pneumoniae which was highly susceptible. Gram negative isolates all showed significant (P < 0.05) sensitivity to Tetracycline (30mcg), Ciprofloxacin (10mcg), Amoxycillin (25mcg), Augmentin (30mcg), and Streptomycin (25mcg). At different concentrations (0.5mg – 1.0mg) of the plant extracts (Ficus exasperata, Securinega virosa and Tamarindus indica) all had significant effect (P < 0.05) on Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae but least effect on Proteus mirabilis. Conclusively, the outcome of this study indicates the need for proper bacteriological screening of patient Otitis media effusion/pus before treatment with conventional antibiotics or herbal remedies to ensure adequate treatment and prevent antibiotic resistance.
Citation: Ojo, A. E., Fasina, K. A., Adebajo, S.O., Ojo, O. A., Oladotun, A. T. and. Sodunke, G. A (2022). Evaluation of the Potency of Some Medicinal Plants and Some Common Antibiotics on Bacteria Isolated from Otitis Media Effusion, International Journal of Cell, Animal Biology and Genetics Vol.7, No.1, pp., 8-27
Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, Antibiotic sensitivity, MBC, MIC, otitis media, plants extracts