Chronic hyperglycemia and biochemical alterations induce hepatic-renal dysfunction in rats administered ethylacetate fraction of Plumbago zeylanca, Linn (Published)
Chronic hyperglycemia is an independent predictor of death in myocardial infarctions and nephropathy and it is a major cause of organ damage. Previous studies have shown that administration of Plumbago zeylanica extract elevated significantly the glucose concentration of the organism even though there have been many claims of the ameliorative effects of the plant. Hence, we investigated the likely dysfunctions of liver and kidney that may results from the induced hyperglycemia. Twenty rats (150-190 g) were grouped into four of five rats per group. Group 1 (control) was administered 2% Tween-20 and groups 2, 3 and 4 were administered 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b. wt. doses of P. zeylanica ethylacetate (PZE) fraction respectively. Administration of PZE for 28 days significantly increased the plasma glucose level suggesting hyperglycemia. The plasma activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were significantly increased thereby suggesting hepatic dysfunction and the kidney function, monitored by plasma protein, creatinine and urea levels was impaired by PZE suggesting renal dysfunction. However, there was no significant change in the level of lipid profile. PZE elicited hyperglycemic effect, hepatic and renal dysfunctions in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, the inducement of hyperglycemia by PZE may have resulted into organ damage noticed in the liver and kidney. Therefore, PZE should be used as herbal medicine with caution.
Citation: Ajayi G.O., Ademuyiwa O., Lasisi A.A., and Olagunju J.A. (2022) Chronic hyperglycemia and biochemical alterations induce hepatic-renal dysfunction in rats administered ethylacetate fraction of Plumbago zeylanca, Linn, International Journal of Biochemistry, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Studies, Vol.7, No.1, pp.33-46
Keywords: Hyperglycemia, Plumbago zeylanica, Rats, hepatic and renal markers
Chronic Hyperglycemia and Biochemical Alterations Induced Hepatic-Renal Dysfunction in Rats Administered Ethylacetate Fraction of Plumbago Zeylanica, Linn (Published)
Chronic hyperglycemia is an independent predictor of death in myocardial infarctions and nephropathy and it is a major cause of organ damage. Previous studies have shown that administration of Plumbago zeylanica extract elevated significantly the glucose concentration of the organism even though there have been many claims of the ameliorative effects of the plant. Hence, we investigated the likely dysfunctions of liver and kidney that may results from the induced hyperglycemia. Twenty rats (150-190 g) were grouped into four of five rats per group. Group 1 (control) was administered 2% Tween-20 and groups 2, 3 and 4 were administered 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b. wt. doses of P. zeylanica ethylacetate (PZE) fraction respectively. Administration of PZE for 28 days significantly increased the plasma glucose level suggesting hyperglycemia. The activities of plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were significantly increased thereby suggesting hepatic dysfunction and the kidney function monitored by plasma protein, creatinine and urea levels was impaired by PZE suggesting renal dysfunction. However, there was no significant change in the level of lipid profile. PZE elicited hyperglycemic effect, hepatic and renal dysfunctions in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, the inducement of hyperglycemia by PZE may have resulted into organ damage noticed in the liver and kidney. Therefore, PZE should be used as herbal medicine with caution.
Keywords: Hyperglycemia, Plumbago zeylanica, Rats, hepatic and renal markers
Phytoconstituents and Antidiabetic Activity of Vernonia amygdalina (Asteraceae) in Steptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats (Published)
Vernonia amygdalina (VAM) is a medicinal plant that has been use traditionally in the management of diseases especially diabetes. Phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis were carried out while 25 male albino wistar rats (137-223 g) were used to evaluate the andiabetic activity. The animals were randomly divided into five groups (n=5). Group I (control) received normal feed and water, while Groups II, III, IV and V were diabetes induced with single dose of 45 mg/kg b.wt streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneally. After three days, group III was treated with metformin (MET) whereas, groups IV and V were treated with 150 and 300 mg/kg b.wt VAM respectively for another seven days. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of most common phytochemicals except anthraquinone and GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 10 phytoconstituents majorly fatty acids and esters, and phytol. The FBG levels of diabetic-induced rats treated with doses of VAM and MET were significantly reduced (p<0.05). There was observed significant (p<0.05) decrease in the levels of plasma aspartate aminotransaminase (AST, γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and non-significant (p>0.05) decrease in alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) in diabetic induced rats compared to control. MET treatment reversed the order in GGT and LDH while VAM doses could only reverse the order in LDH. At high dose, VAM significantly (p<0.05) increased the concentration of plasma total protein (TTP), creatinine (CRE), bilirubin (BIL) whereas, at low dose, VAM significantly (p<0.05) increased the concentration of plasma triglyceride (TRIG) and cholesterol (CHOL) compared to the STZ and control groups. In conclusion, this study suggests that VAM leaf extract possess some phytoconstituents which could be responsible for its antidiabetic activity.
Keywords: GC-MS, Rats, antidiabetic, streptozotocin, vernonia amygdalina