Prevalence of Ixodid Ticks in Small Ruminants in and Around Jimma District (Published)
A study on small ruminants’ tick was conducted in and around Jimmatown, Southwest Ethiopia, from November 2017 to April 2018 with the objectives of determining the tick infestation prevalence and identifying the common genera of hard ticks in indigenous breeds of small ruminants (sheep and goats). The study was conducted using cross-sectional design to assess the adult ticks attached on study animals. A total of 350 animals (299 sheep and 51 goats) were examined. From the total examined animals, 118 of them were found to harbour different tick genera, giving an overall prevalence of 33.7% (95% CI: 26.7- 38.9). The prevalence of tick infestation in goats and sheep was found to be 35.1% and 23.1 %, respectively. The prevalence of tick infestation between two age groups of animals were statistically insignificant (P>0.05). However, the prevalence was higher in young (53.3%) than adult (29.2%). The prevalence found to be statistically insignificant within species of small ruminants (P>0.05). In this study, six genera of ticks were identified, with the following abundance among tick infested animals:Hyalomma(36.4%),Amblyomma(34.7%), Boophilus(22%), Ixodes6.7%) , Haemaphysalis(4.2%), and Reipicephalus (1.6%).The Preferred attachment sites for most of tick genera identifiedwere internal part of legs, scrotum/udder and anogenital in decreasing order. In conclusion small ruminants’ ticks infestation is highly prevalent in the study area. Therefore, attention should be given to the control and prevention of ticks and further study should be done to assess the seasonal dynamicity of ixodid ticks and tick borne diseases of small ruminants in the study area.
Keywords: Genera, Hard tick, Jimma, Sheep, goat, surve
Economic Enhancement of Rural Community of Pusa Block through Goat Rearing (Published)
Livestock plays an important role in Indian economy. About 20.5 million people depend upon livestock for their livelihood. In India, livestock production is largely in the hands of women. In fact animal husbandry is becoming feminized. Being the 5th largest goat population state, Bihar contributes about 7.63% of India’s total goat population. The state is also a habitat of 42.6% people below poverty line and hence there is a tremendous scope of goat farming to meet up the large gap between demand and supply of meat. Around 574000 goats are slaughtered annually in recognized slaughterhouses contributing 31.17% of total meat production of the state (175 thousand tons of meat in 2003). Objectives of the study are. To establish „1 HAMLET 1 GOAT FARM‟ model to commercialize the goat rearing for improving income level, To study and develop a grazing land solution to the goats to reduce the feeding cost, To enhance the Income level of minority and landless community of Pusa Block through Goat rearing. Keeping in view the objectives of study, a report on Focused group discussion is written in descriptive form with thorough observations of the discussion. The data collected through personal interview and survey which were further tabulated and statistically analyzed by the percentage analysis and graphical representation and the results were interpreted for conclusion.
Keywords: Livestock, SHG, economic enhancement., goat
SHEEP AND GOAT PRODUCTION PRACTICES IN AGRO FORESTRY SYSTEMS OF GEDIO ZONE, SNNPR, ETHIOPA (Published)
The study was conducted to describe sheep and goat production practices in three Agro-ecological Woredas of Gedio zone southern, Ethiopia. A set of semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information from 120 sheep and goat owners based on single-visit-interviews. 32.6% of them participate in crop production, 56.5% of them involved in both animal and crop production and 5% of them involved in crop production, animal production and off farm activity. Sheep flock in the study sites were significantly different; and 5.63 in wenago and 6.97 Walema sites and 3.4 kochera. Major feed resources were grazing (33.5%). The highest mortality rate occurred in suckling flock (16.24% lambs; 16.3 kids %), young flock (9.64 %lambs; 13.24% kids) and breeding females (ewes 12.06% and does 14.1%) in all study sites. Sheep and goat production in the studied areas was constrained by different problems; prioritized the major constraints as; availability and cost of feeds, limitation of land for the expansion of production and poor extension services. Integration of sheep and goat with other agricultural practices is the dominant systems in the area.
Keywords: Feeding, Marketing, Mortality, Sheep, fattening, goat, grazing