Characterization of Nano-Sized Hydroxyapatite Particles Synthesized From Fish Scales Using Calcination Method

Hydroxyapatite Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂  material  is one of the  biomaterial used for orthopedic medicine which  was successfully  synthesized from  Tilapia scales using  calcination method in this study. The synthesized hydroxyapatite is white and in powder form. The synthesized hydroxyapatite was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis which confirmed hydroxyapatite as major phase, crystalline and nano sized while Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy identified the functional groups of the hydroxyapatite.  Scanning Electron Microscope analysis indicated the grain size of the synthesized hydroxyapatite particle in nano metric region. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the thermal stability of the hydroxyapatite. The in-vivo cytotoxicity test using Wistar Albino Rats did not indicate any toxic effects of the material at acute level. The research indicted potentiality of fish scales in producing HA material and also provides a means of cleaning up the environment as tons of fish scales considered of no use are being discarded daily by converting them into useful products.