The application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to urban traffic management has emerged as a transformative approach to congestion mitigation in developed economies. However, the adoption and effectiveness of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) in developing economies remain poorly understood. This study examines the compatibility of modern ICT facilities with prevailing urban transport systems in two Nigerian cities—Owerri and Port Harcourt—using survey data from 330 stakeholders and field observations of ten major link routes. The findings reveal that existing traffic monitoring and control technologies are predominantly outdated static traffic lights and manual signage, with limited deployment of advanced sensors, adaptive signal control, AI-powered analytics, or V2X communication systems. Road users demonstrate moderate ICT proficiency but low awareness of modern ITS technologies and limited willingness to adopt technology-driven traffic solutions. The study identifies critical barriers to ICT adoption including inadequate technological infrastructure, limited skilled manpower, weak policy frameworks, and low public awareness. We propose a comprehensive framework for ITS implementation in developing economies that addresses technological, institutional, and human capacity dimensions. The study contributes empirical evidence on ICT compatibility challenges in developing country transport systems and offers practical recommendations for policymakers and transport agencies seeking to leverage technology for congestion mitigation.
Keywords: Developing Economies, Intelligent Transport Systems, V2X, smart cities., technology adoption, traffic ICT, traffic congestion
