Is English Literature dying in South Sudan, if so, what is the way forward? A case study of Juba City Council in Four Selected schools South Sudan (CES) – Juba (Published)
The English Language has been an official Language Since British ruled settle in Sudan. It argued that it is rooted early 18th century. English language came to existence in Sudan through British Colony and Christian missionaries. It said that it was a tool of evangelizing in Sudan. Some claimed it is a tool of colonization, therefore, Muslim Brotherhood rejected the English Language and Literature because they misinterpreted that it carries soul and ideology of the west which is based on Christianity, Secularism, Capitalism and Mixed ideology of Capitalism and Socialism. It explored that the English Language came through Egypt. The Christianity and Islam were reported and spread through Egypt. The Socialism, Radicalization of Moslem brotherhood and Marxism came from Egypt. In Sudan, there is mixed relation about the issue of English Literature and Language. It observed that English language and Literature is hardly to die in Sudan and South Sudan because since English Language remains a language of Science, there is possibility of English Language to die. Literary writers, literary critics, linguists, educationists and policy makers argued that the life of English Literature is jeopardized. It believed that the challenges of any given country are beautifully reveal through Literature. Literature is expressed in poetry, drama, fiction and non-fiction. The second group think that English is not dying because English Language is an official language of South Sudan. Literature experts stressed that English Language and Literature must be supported in order to improve its qualities to compete with African countries. The majority of respondents said English Literature is dead.
Keywords: Dying, Literary, Quality, Works, official
The Radical Responses of Pandita Ramabai: Challenging the Spirit of her Time through her Writings (Published)
Pandita Ramabai (1858-1922) wrote extensively from her different positions as a social reformer, an activist, a traveler, a deeply spiritual person, as an institution builder and her compulsions led her to pen thoughts. She wrote about the nature and experience of oppressive patriarchal practices, particularly in the context of widowhood, and other distresses in a woman’s life. She was a participant observer who wrote about the women’s question with a piercing gaze. In her books Stri Dharma Niti (1882) and The High Caste Hindu Women (1888), she depicted the darkest side of the life of the Hindu widows most of them mere child in the high caste family and the treatment they receive in the family as well as in the society. The writings of Pandita Ramabai can be classified into two broad arenas: in this category we can put her writing pertaining to her understanding of the questions and issues related to women, and in the second one, her travel writings can be kept which Uma Chakravarti has called ‘journeys of the self’.
Keywords: Her Ideologies, Pandita Ramabai, Radical Response through her writings, Social Reformer, Works, challenging the society